Keyword: cryomodule
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MO1PA01 Beam Commissioning and Integrated Test of the PIP-II Injector Test Facility cavity, MMI, operation, MEBT 13
 
  • E. Pozdeyev, R. Andrews, C.M. Baffes, M. Ball, C. Boffo, R. Campos, J.-P. Carneiro, B.E. Chase, A.Z. Chen, D.J. Crawford, J. Czajkowski, N. Eddy, M. El Baz, M.G. Geelhoed, V.M. Grzelak, P.M. Hanlet, B.M. Hanna, B.J. Hansen, E.R. Harms, B.F. Harrison, M.A. Ibrahim, K.R. Kendziora, M.J. Kucera, D.D. Lambert, J.R. Leibfritz, P. Lyalyutskyy, J.N. Makara, H. Maniar, L. Merminga, R. Neswold, D.J. Nicklaus, J.P. Ozelis, D. Passarelli, N. Patel, D.W. Peterson, L.R. Prost, G.W. Saewert, A. Saini, V.E. Scarpine, A.V. Shemyakin, J. Steimel, A.I. Sukhanov, P. Varghese, R. Wang, A. Warner, G. Wu, R.M. Zifko
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • V.K. Mishra, M.M. Pande, K. Singh, Vikas. Teotia
    BARC, Mumbai, India
  
  The PIP-II Injector Test (PIP2IT) facility is a near-complete low energy portion of the Superconducting PIP-II linac driver. PIP2IT comprises the warm front end and the first two PIP-II superconducting cryomodules. PIP2IT is designed to accelerate a 2 mA H− beam to an energy of 20 MeV. The facility serves as a testbed for a number of advanced technologies required to operate PIP-II and provides an opportunity to gain experience with commissioning of the superconducting linac, significantly reducing project technical risks. Some PIP2IT components are contributions from international partners, who also lend their expertise to the accelerator project. The project has been successfully commissioned with the beam in 2021, demonstrating the performance required for the LBNF/DUNE. In this paper, we describe the facility and its critical systems. We discuss our experience with the integrated testing and beam commissioning of PIP2IT, and present commissioning results. This important milestone ushers in a new era at Fermilab of proton beam delivery using superconducting radio-frequency accelerators.  
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slides icon Slides MO1PA01 [2.714 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-MO1PA01  
About • Received ※ 16 August 2022 — Revised ※ 26 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 28 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 13 October 2022
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MOPOPA13 200 MV Record Voltage of vCM and LCLS-II-HE Cryomodules Production Start Fermilab cavity, SRF, vacuum, plasma 95
 
  • T.T. Arkan, D. Bafia, D.J. Bice, J.N. Blowers, A.T. Cravatta, B. Giaccone, C.J. Grimm, B.D. Hartsell, J.A. Kaluzny, M. Martinello, T.H. Nicol, Y.M. Orlov, S. Posen
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • M. Checchin
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  
  Funding: Department of Energy
The Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) is an X-ray science facility at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. The LCLS-II project (an upgrade to LCLS) is in the commissioning phase; the LCLS-II-HE (High Energy) project is another upgrade to the facility, enabling higher energy operation. An electron beam is accelerated using superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities built into cryomodules. It is planned to build 24 1.3 GHz standard cryomodules and 1 1.3 GHz single-cavity Buncher Capture Cavity (BCC) cryomodule for the LCLS-II-HE project. Fourteen of these standard cryomodules and one BCC are planned to be assembled and tested at Fermilab. Procurements for standard cryomodule components are nearing completion. The first LCLS-II-HE cryomodule, referred to as the verification cryomodule (vCM) was assembled and tested at Fermilab. Fermilab has completed the assembly of the second cryomodule. This paper presents LCLS-II-HE cryomodule production status at Fermilab, emphasizing the changes done based on the successes, challenges, mitigations, and lessons learned from LCLS-II; validation of the changes with the excellent vCM results. 		 
poster icon Poster MOPOPA13 [1.975 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-MOPOPA13  
About • Received ※ 10 August 2022 — Revised ※ 26 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 01 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 09 September 2022
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MOPOGE19 Preliminary Study on the Cryogenic Control System Within RF Superconductive Linac Projects controls, cryogenics, PLC, linac 197
 
  • H. Sibileau, M.L. Beniken
    ACS, Orsay, France
  • T. Junquera
    Accelerators and Cryogenic Systems, Orsay, France
  • D. Masson
    ISII-TECH, Saint-Etienne-du-Rouvray, France
  
  Several RF Superconductive LINAC projects are underway in different laboratories around the world, with various objectives such as research in physics, irradiation tests, production of radioisotopes for medical purposes. Superconducting operation of the accelerating cavities requires them to be maintained at cryogenic temperatures (2K - 4K) by the use of cryogenic fluids. This requires a complete cryogenic control system, including sensors, actuators, local controllers and PLCs. We describe the process by which the preliminary design of the cryogenic control system for the accelerator’s cryomodules and valve boxes may be built. It starts with the functional and performance requirements of the system, followed by the definition of use cases and the study of the necessary cryogenic instrumentation. This leads to a preliminary design of the architecture of the cryogenic control system using Siemens hardware, as well as cryogenic sequences describing standard phases of operation of the LINAC. We also discuss how to take advantage of the modularity of cryomodules for control system implementation and some recent developments in PLC simulation.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-MOPOGE19  
About • Received ※ 24 August 2022 — Revised ※ 01 September 2022 — Accepted ※ 11 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 16 October 2022
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MOPOGE24 Understanding Q Slope of Superconducting Cavity with Magnetic Defect and Field Emission cavity, superconducting-cavity, radiation, ECR 208
 
  • H. Kim, Y. Jung, H. Kim, J.W. Kim
    IBS, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
  • S. Jeon
    Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
  
  Funding: This research was supported by the RISP of ibs funded by the Ministry of Science and the National Research Foundation (NRF) of the Republic of Korea under Contract 2013M7A1A1075764.
RF test for quarter-wave resonator (QWR) and half-wave resonator (HWR) superconducting cavities is performed at low temperature. The quality factors of the superconducting cavities are measured as a function of accelerating field. The magnetic heating effect for the quarter-wave resonator (QWR) is studied. For the half-wave resonator (HWR), the Q slope degradation is investigated with x-ray radiation and field emission. 		 
slides icon Slides MOPOGE24 [2.506 MB]  
poster icon Poster MOPOGE24 [1.174 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-MOPOGE24  
About • Received ※ 25 July 2022 — Revised ※ 18 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 23 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 12 October 2022
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MOPOGE25 Rf Measurement and Characterisation of European Spallation Source Cavities at UKRI-STFC Daresbury Laboratory and DESY cavity, radiation, detector, MMI 212
 
  • P.A. Smith, A.E.T. Akintola, K.D. Dumbell, M.J. Ellis, S. Hitchen, P.C. Hornickel, C.R. Jenkins, A.J. May, P.A. McIntosh, K.J. Middleman, A.J. Moss, S.M. Pattalwar, M.D. Pendleton, J.O.W. Poynton, A.E. Wheelhouse, S. Wilde
    STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • G. Jones, M. Lowe, D.A. Mason, G. Miller, J. Mutch, A. Oates, J.T.G. Wilson
    STFC/DL, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • K.J. Middleman
    Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • D. Reschke, L. Steder, M. Wiencek
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
  
  The Accelerator Science and Technology Centre (ASTeC) is responsible for delivering 88 High Beta (HB) cavities as part of the European Spallation Source (ESS) facility in Sweden. The bulk Niobium Superconducting Radio Frequency (SRF) cavities operate at 704 MHz. They have been fabricated in industry and are currently being tested at Daresbury Laboratory and Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY). They will then be delivered to Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA) Saclay, France for integration into cryomodules. To date 50 cavities have been conditioned and evaluated and 36 cavities have been delivered to CEA. This paper discusses the experiences and testing of the cavities performed to date at both sites  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-MOPOGE25  
About • Received ※ 24 August 2022 — Revised ※ 29 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 01 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 04 September 2022
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TU1AA02 Compact, Turn-Key SRF Accelerators cavity, SRF, operation, controls 290
 
  • N.A. Stilin, A.T. Holic, M. Liepe, T.I. O’Connell, J. Sears, V.D. Shemelin, J. Turco
    Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
  
  The development of simpler, compact Superconducting RF (SRF) systems represents a new subject of research in accelerator science. These compact accelerators rely on advancements made to both Nb3Sn SRF cavities and commercial cryocoolers, which together allow for the removal of liquid cryogenics from the system. This approach to SRF cavity operation, based on novel conduction cooling schemes, has the potential to drastically extend the range of application of SRF technology. By offering robust, non-expert, turn-key operation, such systems enable the use of SRF accelerators for industrial, medical, and small-scale science applications. This presentation will provide an overview of the significant progress being made at Cornell, Jefferson Lab, and Fermilab (FNAL), including stable cavity operation at 10 MV/m. It will also introduce the primary challenges of this new field and their potential solutions, along with an overview of the various applications which could benefit the most from this technology.  
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slides icon Slides TU1AA02 [4.683 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TU1AA02  
About • Received ※ 29 August 2022 — Revised ※ 31 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 01 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 14 October 2022
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TU1AA03 R&D Towards High Gradient CW SRF Cavities cavity, SRF, niobium, vacuum 295
 
  • D. Bafia, P. Berrutti, B. Giaccone, A. Grassellino, D.V. Neuffer, S. Posen, A.S. Romanenko
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  This talk will discuss Fermilab’s recent progress in the surface engineering of superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavities geared toward producing simultaneously high quality factors and high accelerating gradients in cryomodules. We investigate possible microscopic mechanisms that drive improved performance by carrying out sequential RF tests on cavities subjected to low temperature baking. We compare performance evolution to observations made with material science techniques and find correlations with material parameters. We also discuss other key advancements that enable high gradient operation in cryomodules.  
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slides icon Slides TU1AA03 [2.007 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TU1AA03  
About • Received ※ 20 August 2022 — Revised ※ 24 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 30 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 16 October 2022
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TUPOJO18 Cavity Qualification and Production Update for SNS-PPU Cryomodules at Jefferson Lab cavity, proton, SRF, neutron 387
 
  • P. Dhakal, E. Daly, J.F. Fischer, N.A. Huque
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  • M.P. Howell
    ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  • J.D. Mammosser
    ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  
  Funding: This manuscript has been authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177.
The Proton Power Upgrade (PPU) project at Oak Ridge National Lab’s Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) currently being constructed will double the proton beam power capability from 1.4 to 2.8 MW by adding seven cryomodules, each containing four six-cell high-beta (β = 0.81) superconducting radio frequency cavities. Research Instruments, located in Germany, built and processed the cavities at the vendor site, including electropolishing as the final active chemistry step. Twenty-eight cavities for seven cryomodules and an additional four cavities for a spare cryomodules were delivered to Jefferson Lab and first qualification tests were completed on all cavities as received from the vendor. The performance largely exceeded the requirements on quality factor and accelerating gradient. Here we present the status of initial cavity qualification tests, rework on unqualified cavities and final cavity qualification with helium vessel prior to installation in cryomodules. In addition, an update on cryomodule production is presented. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOJO18  
About • Received ※ 23 August 2022 — Revised ※ 29 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 01 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 09 September 2022
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TUPOJO19 Progress on the Proton Power Upgrade Project at the Spallation Neutron Source target, injection, neutron, proton 390
 
  • M.S. Champion, C.N. Barbier, M.S. Connell, J. Galambos, M.P. Howell, S.-H. Kim, J.S. Moss, B.W. Riemer, K.S. White
    ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  • E. Daly
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  • N.J. Evans, G.D. Johns
    ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  • D.J. Harding
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under contract number DE-AC05-00OR22725.
The Proton Power Upgrade Project at the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory will increase the proton beam power capability from 1.4 to 2.8 MW. Upon completion of the project, 2 MW of beam power will be available for neutron production at the existing first target station with the remaining beam power available for the future second target station. The project will install seven superconducting RF cryomodules and supporting RF power systems and ancillaries to increase the beam energy to 1.3 GeV . The injection and extraction region of the accumulator ring will be upgraded, and a new 2 MW mercury target has been developed along with supporting equipment for high-flow gas injection to mitigate cavitation and fatigue stress. Equipment is being received from vendors and partner laboratories, and installation is underway with three major installation outages planned in 2022-2024. The project is planned to be completed in 2025. 		 
poster icon Poster TUPOJO19 [1.361 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOJO19  
About • Received ※ 22 August 2022 — Revised ※ 15 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 31 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 01 September 2022
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TUPOJO23 Accelerated Lifetime Test of Spoke Cavity Cold Tuning Systems for Myrrha cavity, operation, SRF, vacuum 406
 
  • N. Gandolfo, S. Blivet, F. Chatelet, V. Delpech, D. Le Dréan, G. Mavilla, M. Pierens, H. Saugnac
    Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
  
  Within the framework of MINERVA, the first Phase of MYRRHA (Multi-purpose hYbrid Research Reactor for High-tech Applications) project, IN2P3 labs are in charge of the developments of several accelerator elements. Among those, a fully equipped Spoke cryomodule prototype was constructed, it integrates two superconducting single spoke cavities operating at 2K, the RF power couplers and the associated cold tuning systems. The extreme reliability specified for this project motivated to conduct ALT (Accelerated Lifetime Test) on two extra cold tuning systems in cryomodule like environment. Thus, by gathering information from experimental data, many aspects can be enhanced like maintenance plan consolidation, determination of aging indicators and design optimization of the whole system and its sub components. This paper describes the complete ALT process from the studying elements and the test environment design, to the experimental results and findings.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOJO23  
About • Received ※ 15 August 2022 — Revised ※ 17 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 01 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 02 September 2022
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TUPOPA18 Test and Commissioning of the HELIAC Power Coupler cavity, operation, multipactoring, heavy-ion 454
 
  • J. List, K. Aulenbacher, W.A. Barth, M. Basten, C. Burandt, F.D. Dziuba, V. Gettmann, T. Kürzeder, S. Lauber, M. Miski-Oglu, S. Yaramyshev
    HIM, Mainz, Germany
  • K. Aulenbacher, W.A. Barth, F.D. Dziuba, S. Lauber, J. List
    KPH, Mainz, Germany
  • K. Aulenbacher, W.A. Barth, M. Basten, C. Burandt, F.D. Dziuba, V. Gettmann, T. Kürzeder, S. Lauber, J. List, M. Miski-Oglu, S. Yaramyshev
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
  • T. Conrad, H. Podlech, M. Schwarz
    IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
  
  The superconducting continuous wave (cw) heavy ion HElmholtz LInear ACcelerator (HELIAC) is intended to be built at GSI in Darmstadt. With its high average beam current and repetition rate, the HELIAC is designed to fulfill the requirements of the super heavy element (SHE) research user program and the material sciences community at GSI. The accelerating cavities are of the superconducting Crossbar H-mode (CH) type, developed by GUF. Within the Advanced Demonstrator project, the first cryomodule, consisting of four cavities is scheduled for commissioning with beam in 2023. The former RF power couplers introduced a high heat input into the cryostat. Therefore, the coupler is redesigned at HIM in order to not only reduce the heat input but to provide an overall improved power coupler for the HELIAC. It is designed for maximal power of 5 kW cw at the frequency of 216.816 MHz. A prototype has been tested and commissioned recently. This includes several RF-tests at room temperature and in cryogenic environments. The results of these tests will be presented in this paper.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOPA18  
About • Received ※ 20 August 2022 — Revised ※ 21 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 30 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 01 September 2022
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TUPOPA25 Design, Manufacturing, Assembly, Testing, and Lessons Learned of the Prototype 650 MHz Couplers vacuum, SRF, cavity, multipactoring 462
 
  • J. Helsper, S.K. Chandrasekaran, F. Furuta, B.M. Hanna, S. Kazakov, J.P. Ozelis, K.S. Premo, N. Solyak, G. Wu
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported, in part, by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359.
Six 650 MHz high-power couplers will be integrated into the prototype High Beta 650 MHz (HB650) cryomodule for the PIP-II project at Fermilab. The design of the coupler is described, including design optimizations from the previous generation. This paper then describes the coupler life-cycle, including manufacturing, assembly, testing, conditioning and the lessons learned at each stage. 		 
poster icon Poster TUPOPA25 [2.695 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOPA25  
About • Received ※ 24 August 2022 — Revised ※ 25 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 29 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 02 September 2022
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TUPOGE02 Three Years of Operation of the SPIRAL2 LINAC: Cryogenics and Superconducting RF Feedback cavity, cryogenics, operation, linac 479
 
  • P.-E. Bernaudin, M. Aburas, M. Di Giacomo, A. Ghribi, P. Robillard, L. Valentin
    GANIL, Caen, France
  
  The superconducting LINAC of SPIRAL2 at the GANIL facility is in operation since October 2019. Its 26 super-conducting quarter wave resonating cavities (88 MHz) are operated at a nominal gradient of 6.5 MV/m, but most of the cavities can be operated up to 8 MV/m. They are integrated into 19 cryomodules and cooled down at 4 K by a dedicated refrigeration cryogenic system. In this paper, we will present a feedback after five years of operation of the cryogenic system, focusing on the main problems that have been faced, and on the diverse evolutions performed in order to improve the cryogenic system and to increase its reliability. We will also provide a feedback of the superconducting cavities performances status after three years of operation  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOGE02  
About • Received ※ 27 July 2022 — Revised ※ 22 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 26 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 15 September 2022
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TUPOGE03 Advanced Cryogenic Process Control and Monitoring for the SPIRAL2 Superconducting LINAC cavity, controls, cryogenics, linac 483
 
  • A. Ghribi, M. Aburas, P.-E. Bernaudin, M. Di Giacomo, A.H. Trudel, Q. Tura
    GANIL, Caen, France
  • P. Bonnay, F. Bonne
    CEA/INAC, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
  • F. Millet
    CEA, Grenoble, France
  
  SPIRAL2 is a superconducting accelerator for protons, deuterons and heavy ions delivering a maximum beam power of 200 kW at 40 MeV (for deuteron beams). 26 superconducting quarter wave cavities are operated at 4.4 K, plunged in a liquid helium bath with a drastic phase separator pressure control. Previous years have seen the development of advanced process control for cryogenics allowing to cope with high heat load dynamics thanks to an automatic heat dissipation compensation and a model based control. The latter is based on models, using the Simcryogenics library, optimized and linearised in the Programmable Logic Controllers. The SPIRAL2 operation has demonstrated that such control allows to keep the specified conditions for RF and beam operation even at levels of heat load dissipation approaching the physical limits of the cryogenic system. These developments allowed to synthesise a virtual observer of the dynamic heat load dissipated by the cavities. The present paper summarises the development of such observer based on the physical thermodynamic model and on machine learning techniques.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOGE03  
About • Received ※ 24 August 2022 — Revised ※ 02 September 2022 — Accepted ※ 04 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 09 September 2022
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TUPOGE04 An Approach for Component-Level Analysis of Cryogenic Process in Superconducting LINAC Cryomodules cavity, cryogenics, linac, multipactoring 487
 
  • C. Lhomme
    IJCLab, ORSAY, France
  • D. Berkowitz Zamora, M.D. Grosso Xavier
    SCK•CEN, Mol, Belgium
  • F. Chatelet, P. Duthil, H. Saugnac
    Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
  • F. Dieudegard, C. Lhomme
    ACS, Orsay, France
  • T. Junquera
    Accelerators and Cryogenic Systems, Orsay, France
  
  Powerful superconducting linear accelerators feature accelerating sections consisting in a series of cryomod-ules (CM), each hosting superconducting radiofrequency (SRF) cavities cooled by a cryogenic process. Despite the extensive instrumentation used for the tests and valida-tion of the prototype cryomodules, it is usually very complex to link the measured global thermodynamic efficiency to the individual component performance. Previous works showed methods for assessing the global efficiency and even for allocating performances to sets of components, but few went down to a component level. For that purpose, we developed a set of techniques based on customized instrumentation, on dedicated test proto-cols, and on model-based analysis tools. In practice, we exposed the components to various operating conditions and we compared the measured data to the results from a detailed dynamic component model at the same condi-tions. This method was applied to the cryogenic debug-ging phase of the tests of the MINERVA prototype cry-omodule, which, despite the liquid helium shortage, led to an extensively detailed characterisation, for its valida-tion towards the serial construction.  
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOGE04  
About • Received ※ 20 August 2022 — Revised ※ 21 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 29 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 01 September 2022
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TUPOGE06 Performance Test of Mass-Production of HWR Cryomodules for SCL32 cavity, multipactoring, vacuum, linac 491
 
  • Y. Kim, J.W. Choi, D.H. Gil, H. Jang, Y.W. Jo, J. Joo, H.C. Jung, H. Kim, M.S. Kim, M. Kwon, M. Lee, J.H. Shin
    IBS, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
  • Y.U. Sohn
    PAL, Pohang, Republic of Korea
  
  Funding: This work was supported by the Rare Isotope Science Project of Institute for Basic Science funded by Ministry of Science and ICT and NRF of Korea (2013M7A1A1075764)
Mass production of the HWR (half wave resonator) cryomodules for SCL32 of RAON had been conducted since 2018 and all cryomodules were installed in the SCL3 tunnel in 2021. Total number of the HWR cavities and the HWR cryomodules are 106 and 34, respectively. Cryomodule performance test was started in September 2020 and finished in October 2021, except for one bunching cryomodule that will be installed in front of the high energy linac. The detailed procedure and the results of performance test is reported in detail. 		 
poster icon Poster TUPOGE06 [1.211 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOGE06  
About • Received ※ 14 August 2022 — Revised ※ 23 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 12 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 15 September 2022
Cite • reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)  
 
TUPOGE08 Design of a Transport System for the PIP-II HB650 Cryomodule ISOL, simulation, acceleration, operation 498
 
  • M.T.W. Kane
    STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • J.P. Holzbauer
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • T.J. Jones, E.S. Jordan
    STFC/DL, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  
  The PIP-II Project at FNAL requires the assembly of 3 high-beta 650MHz cryomodules at STFC Daresbury (DL) in the UK. These modules must be safely transported from DL to FNAL in the USA. Previous experience with cryomodule transport was leveraged at both labs to design a transport system to protect the cryomodules during transit. Requirements for the system included mitigation of shocks, drops, and vibrations, and acting as a lifting fixture. It is comprised of a tessellated steel frame which encompasses the module with a wire rope isolator arrangement which the module mounts to. The frame was designed to withstand the weight of the 12.5 tonne cryomodule in various load cases. Details of shock and vibration profiles were obtained from MIL-STD-810H and were used to guide the sizing of the isolators. The frame and the isolation system were analysed via FEA using the shock and vibration profiles as an input. The transport system was found to be suitable for the given isolation, frame stiffness, and lifting code requirements. The frame has been fabricated and successfully load tested at FNAL. It will now be road tested with a dummy cryomodule before undergoing a trial run to DL.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOGE08  
About • Received ※ 24 August 2022 — Revised ※ 29 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 31 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 02 September 2022
Cite • reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)  
 
TUPOGE10 A Final Acceptance Test Kit for Superconducting RF Cryomodules cavity, vacuum, cryogenics, SRF 504
 
  • A.J. May, A.E.T. Akintola, S.M. Pattalwar, A. White
    STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  
  UKRI-STFC Daresbury Laboratory is currently undertaking several projects involving assembly of superconducting RF cryomodules, including HL-LHC crab cavities and PIP-II HB650 cavities. As part of the final acceptance tests before shipping of the modules, extensive leak testing, pressure testing, and thermal cycling with gaseous and liquid must be performed. A Final Acceptance Test kit (FAT-kit) has been developed to support these tests. The FAT-kit, designed as a single portable unit, sits as an interface module between the cryomodule under test and the required utilities (liquid cryogen supply and return, gaseous cryogen supply and return, warm gas supply and return, vacuum pumps, leak detectors, etc.). The kit features a valve manifold to make or break connections to, from, and between circuits in the cryomodule, safety groupings to provide protection for the circuits as required, and various instrumentation. We report here on the design and commissioning of the kit.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOGE10  
About • Received ※ 23 August 2022 — Revised ※ 26 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 30 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 15 September 2022
Cite • reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)  
 
TUPOGE11 Application of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code in the design of SSR Cryomodule Beamlines for PIP-II Project at Fermilab cavity, solenoid, alignment, operation 507
 
  • J. Bernardini, M. Chen, M. Parise, D. Passarelli
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DEAC02- 07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics.
This contribution reports the design of the main components used to interconnect SRF cavities and superconducting focusing lenses in the SSR Cryomodule beamlines, developed in the framework of the PIP-II project at Fermilab. The focus of the present contribution is on the design and testing of the edge-welded bellows according to ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. The activities performed to qualify the bellows to be assembled in cleanroom, for operation in high vacuum, cryogenic environments, and their characterization from magnetic standpoint, will also be presented. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOGE11  
About • Received ※ 22 August 2022 — Revised ※ 24 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 02 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 16 October 2022
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TUPOGE12 Final Design of the Pre-Production SSR2 Cryomodule for PIP-II Project at Fermilab vacuum, cavity, alignment, solenoid 511
 
  • J. Bernardini, C. Boffo, M. Chen, J. Helsper, M. Kramp, F.L. Lewis, T.H. Nicol, M. Parise, D. Passarelli, V. Roger, G.V. Romanov, B. Squires, M. Turenne
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DEAC02- 07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics.
The present contribution reports the design of the pre-production Single Spoke Resonator Type 2 Cryomodule (ppSSR2 CM), developed in the framework of the PIP-II project at Fermilab. The innovative design is based on a structure, the strongback, which supports the coldmass from the bottom, stays at room temperature during operations, and can slide longitudinally with respect to the vacuum vessel. The Fermilab style cryomodule developed for the prototype Single Spoke Resonator Type 1 (pSSR1) and the prototype High Beta 650 MHz (pHB650) cryomodules is the baseline of the current design, which paves the way for production SSR1 and SSR2 cryomodules for the PIP-II linac. The focus of this contribution is on the results of calculations and finite element analysis performed to optimize the critical components of the cryomodule: vacuum vessel, strongback, thermal shield, and magnetic shield. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOGE12  
About • Received ※ 24 August 2022 — Revised ※ 26 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 30 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 02 September 2022
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TUPOGE14 Beamline Volume Relief Analysis for the PIP-II SSR2 Cryomodule at Fermilab cavity, SRF, vacuum, radiation 519
 
  • M. Parise, J. Bernardini, D. Passarelli
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics.
The beam volume of the Pre-Production Single Spoke Resonator type 2 (ppSSR2) cryomodule [1] for the Proton Improvement Plan-II (PIP-II) [2] project will be protected against over-pressurization using a burst disk. This contri- bution focuses on the analysis of the relief of such trapped volume during a catastrophic scenario with multiple systems failures. An analytical model, able to predict the pressure in the beam volume depending of the various boundary condi- tions, has been developed and will be presented along with the results. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOGE14  
About • Received ※ 24 August 2022 — Revised ※ 31 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 02 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 02 September 2022
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TUPOGE15 Prototype HB650 Transportation Validation for the PIP-II Project ISOL, interface, resonance, linac 523
 
  • J.P. Holzbauer, S. Cheban, C.J. Grimm, J. Helsper, R. Thiede, A.D. Wixson
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • R. Cubizolles
    CEA-IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
  • M.T.W. Kane
    STFC/DL, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  
  Funding: Work supported by the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, managed and operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
The PIP-II Project at Fermilab is centered around a superconducting 800 MeV proton linac to upgrade and modernize the Fermilab accelerator complex, allowing increased beam current to intensity frontier experiments such as LBNF-DUNE. PIP-II includes strong international collaborations, including the delivery of 12 cryomodules from European labs to FNAL (3 from STFC-UKRI in the UK and 9 from CEA in France). The transatlantic shipment of these completed modules is identified as a serious risk for the project. To mitigate this risk, a rigorous and systematic process has been developed to design and validate a transport system, including specification, procedures, logistics, and realistic testing. This paper will detail the engineering process used to manage this effort across the collaboration and the results of the first major validation testing of the integrated shipping system prior to use with a cryomodule. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOGE15  
About • Received ※ 13 August 2022 — Revised ※ 19 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 30 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 15 September 2022
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TUPOGE16 Standardization and First Lessons Learned of the Prototype HB650 Cryomodule for PIP-II at Fermilab vacuum, interface, cavity, SRF 526
 
  • V. Roger, J. Bernardini, S.K. Chandrasekaran, C.J. Grimm, O. Napoly, J.P. Ozelis, M. Parise, D. Passarelli
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • N. Bazin, R. Cubizolles
    CEA-IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
  
  Funding: This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics.
The prototype High Beta 650 MHz cryomodule (pHB650 CM) has been designed by an integrated design team, consisting of Fermilab (USA), CEA (France), STFC UKRI (UK), and RRCAT (India). The manufacturing and assembly of this prototype cryomodule is being done at Fermilab, whereas the production cryomodules will be manufactured and assembled by STFC-UKRI. As the first PIP-II cryomodule for which standardization was applied, the design, manufacturing and assembly of this cryomodule led to significant lessons being learnt and experiences gathered. These were incorporated into the design of the pre-production Single Spoke Resonator Type 2 cryomodule (ppSSR2 CM) and the pre-production Low Beta 650 MHz cryomodule (ppLB650 CM). This paper presents the pHB650 CM lessons learned and experiences gathered from the design to the lower coldmass assembly and how this cryomodule has a positive impact on all the next Proton Improvement Plan-II (PIP-II) cryomodules due to the standardization set up among SSR and 650 cryomodules. 		 
poster icon Poster TUPOGE16 [1.478 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOGE16  
About • Received ※ 11 August 2022 — Revised ※ 17 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 01 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 15 September 2022
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TUPORI04 Cavity Failure Compensation Strategies in Superconducting Linacs cavity, linac, database, lattice 552
 
  • A. Plaçais, F. Bouly
    LPSC, Grenoble Cedex, France
  
  RF cavities in linear accelerators are subject to failure, preventing the beam from reaching it’s nominal energy. This is particularly problematic for Accelerator Driven Systems (ADS), where the thermal fluctuations of the spallation target must be avoided and every fault shall be rapidly compensated for. In this study we present LightWin. This tool under development aims to create a database of the possible cavity failures and their associated compensation settings for a given accelerator. We apply it on the MYRRHA ADS, with a scenario including various faults distributed along the accelerator, and compare the settings found by LightWin to those found by the code TraceWin. We show that both tools find different compensation settings. We also outline the limitations of LightWin and explain the upcoming improvements.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPORI04  
About • Received ※ 23 August 2022 — Revised ※ 20 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 01 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 11 September 2022
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TUPORI24 Beam Dynamics Studies at the PIP-II Injector Test Facility MEBT, rfq, emittance, solenoid 601
 
  • J.-P. Carneiro, B.M. Hanna, E. Pozdeyev, L.R. Prost, A. Saini, A.V. Shemyakin
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  A series of beam dynamic studies were performed in 2020-2021 at the PIP-II Injector Test Facility (PIP2IT) that has been built to validate the concept of the front-end of the PIP-II linac being constructed at Fermilab. PIP2IT is comprised of a 30-keV H− ion source, a 2 m-long Low Energy Beam Transport (LEBT), a 2.1- MeV CW RFQ, followed by a 10-m Medium Energy Beam Transport (MEBT), 2 cryomodules accelerating the beam to 16 MeV and a High-Energy Beam Transport (HEBT) bringing the beam to an absorber. This paper presents beam dynamics - related measurements performed at PIP2IT as the Twiss parameters with Allison scanners, beam envelopes along the injector, and transverse and longitudinal rms emittance reconstruction. These measurements are compared with predictions from the beam dynamics code Tracewin.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPORI24  
About • Received ※ 21 August 2022 — Revised ※ 25 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 31 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 15 September 2022
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TUPORI25 Finding Beam Loss Locations at PIP2IT Accelerator With Oscillating Dipole Correctors MEBT, dipole, linac, betatron 605
 
  • A.V. Shemyakin
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics
The PIP2IT accelerator was assembled in multiple stages in 2014 - 2021 to test concepts and components of the future PIP-II linac that is being constructed at Fermilab. In its final configuration, PIP2IT accelerated a 0.55 ms x 20 Hz x 2 mA H− beam to 16 MeV. To determine location of the beam loss in the accelerator’s low-energy part, where radiation monitors are ineffective, a method using oscillating trajectories was implemented. If the beam is scraped at an aperture limitation, moving its centroid with two dipole correctors located upstream and oscillating in sync, produces a line at the corresponding frequency in spectra of BPM sum signals downstream of the loss point. Comparison of these responses along the beam line allows to find the loss location. The paper describes the method and results of its implementation at PIP2IT. 		 
slides icon Slides TUPORI25 [0.447 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPORI25  
About • Received ※ 24 August 2022 — Revised ※ 31 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 01 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 15 September 2022
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TH1AA02 Developments Towards FRIB Upgrade to 400 MeV/u for Heaviest Uranium Ions cavity, background, ECR, linac 653
 
  • K.E. McGee, K. Elliott, A. Ganshyn, W. Hartung, S.H. Kim, P.N. Ostroumov, J.T. Popielarski, L. Popielarski, A. Taylor, T. Xu
    FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
  • G.V. Eremeev, F. Furuta, M. Martinello, O.S. Melnychuk, A.V. Netepenko
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • B.M. Guilfoyle, M.P. Kelly, T. Reid
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
  
  High-Q0 medium-velocity (beta opt = 0.6) 5-cell elliptical cavities for superconducting linacs are critical technology for advancing current and future projects such as the Proton Improvement Plan II linac and the proposed energy upgrade of Michigan State University’s Facility For Rare Isotope Beams linac, FRIB400. Previous work established the validity of the novel geometry of the FRIB400 prototype 644 MHz 5-cell elliptical β = 0.65 cavities for future high Q0 development. In collaboration with FNAL, two leading-edge high-Q0 recipes, N-doping and Mid-T baking, were tested in the 5-cell format. 2/0 N-doping + cold electropolishing was successful at achieving FRIB400 and PIP-II Q0 requirements, achieving an unprecedented 3.8 x 1010 at 17.5 MV/m, satisfying the FRIB400 Q0 requirements by 1.75 times in a low-gauss environment. Mid-T baking exceeded FRIB400 Q0 requirements by 1.4 times, and benefitted from decreased residual resistance compared to the N-doped cavity test. Systematic ultrasonic thickness measurements in single-cell revealed bulk (150 microns) EP with the modified EP tool is consistent across the inner surfaces of the cavity walls.  
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slides icon Slides TH1AA02 [44.708 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TH1AA02  
About • Received ※ 11 August 2022 — Revised ※ 22 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 23 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 14 October 2022
Cite • reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)  
 
TH1PA02 Production, Test and Installation of the ESS Spoke, Medium and High Beta Cryomodules cavity, operation, linac, MMI 685
 
  • C.G. Maiano
    ESS, Lund, Sweden
  
  We present here an overview of the ESS cryomodule production, test and preparation to tunnel installation, covering both families of modules: spoke and elliptical. Cryomodules and cavities for the ESS linac are in-kind contribution by several of the project partners.  
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slides icon Slides TH1PA02 [2.190 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TH1PA02  
About • Received ※ 23 August 2022 — Revised ※ 30 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 01 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 02 September 2022
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THPOJO12 LCLS-II-HE Cryomodule Testing at Fermilab cavity, radiation, operation, plasma 721
 
  • A.T. Cravatta, T.T. Arkan, D. Bafia, B.E. Chase, M. Checchin, C. Contreras-Martinez, B. Giaccone, B.J. Hansen, E.R. Harms, B.D. Hartsell, J.A. Kaluzny, D.D. Lambert, J.N. Makara, H. Maniar, M. Martinello, Y.M. Pischalnikov, S. Posen, J. Reid, N. Solyak, D. Sun, A. Syed, R. Wang, M.J. White, G. Wu
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • S. Aderhold, A.L. Benwell, J.D. Fuerst, D. Gonnella, T. Hiatt, S.L. Hoobler, J.T. Maniscalco, J. Nelson, L.M. Zacarias
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  • L.R. Doolittle, S. Paiagua, C. Serrano
    LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
  
  22 Linac Coherent Light Source II (LCLS-II) cryomodules were successfully tested at the Cryomodule Test Facility (CMTF) at Fermilab. Following the completion of the LCLS-II testing program, CMTF has shifted to testing cryomodules for the LCLS-II High Energy upgrade (LCLS-II-HE). The first LCLS-II-HE cryomodule, the verification cryomodule (vCM), was successfully tested and verified the readiness of LCLS-II-HE cryomodule testing at CMTF, and production cryomodule testing has begun. Presented here are the production cryomodule test acceptance criteria, testing plan, and cryomodule test results so far.  
poster icon Poster THPOJO12 [0.899 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-THPOJO12  
About • Received ※ 18 August 2022 — Revised ※ 27 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 06 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 15 September 2022
Cite • reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)  
 
THPOPA01 FLASH2020+ Upgrade - Modification of RF Power Waveguide Distribution for the Free-electron Laser FLASH at DESY GUI, cavity, klystron, FEL 747
 
  • B. Yildirim, S. Choroba, V.V. Katalev, P. Morozov, Y. Nachtigal, N.V. Vladimirov
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
  
  The goal of FLASH2020+ upgrade is to increase the energy of the FLASH accelerator, which allows the use of even shorter wavelengths, which, in turn, will allow new research. For this purpose, during the shutdown in 2022, two superconducting accelerator modules for ACC2 and ACC3 will be replaced by new ones. To fully realize the potential of these cryomodules XFEL type of waveguide distributions will be installed on them. In addition, the existing ACC4 and ACC5 cryomodules will also be equipped with the new waveguide distributions, similar XFEL type. These waveguide distributions will be modified and improved so that the machine can operate with the maximum energy due to individual power supply for each cavity. Furthermore, three RF stations will receive a new klystron waveguide distribution, which will improve the reliability of all systems. The specific waveguide distributions have been developed, produced and tested at the Waveguide Assembly and Test Facility (WATF) at DESY. All together will lead to increasing the electron beam energy from 1.25 to 1.35 GeV. This paper presents data on the production and tuning of waveguide distribution systems for the FLASH2020+ upgrade at DESY.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-THPOPA01  
About • Received ※ 16 August 2022 — Revised ※ 28 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 02 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 02 September 2022
Cite • reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)  
 
THPOPA14 MTCA.4-Based LLRF System Prototype Status for MYRRHA LLRF, cavity, operation, EPICS 771
 
  • C. Joly, S. Berthelot, N. Gandolfo, J. Rozé, J.-F. Yaniche
    Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
  • J-L. Bolli, I. Garcia, C. Gaudin
    IOXOS Technologies, Gland, Switzerland
  • O. Bourrion, D. Tourres
    LPSC, Grenoble Cedex, France
  • S. Boussa, W. De Cock, P. Della Faille, F. Pompon, E. Verhagen
    SCK•CEN, Mol, Belgium
  
  Within the framework of MINERVA, the first Phase of MYRRHA (Multi-purpose hYbrid Research Reactor for High-tech Applications) project, IN2P3 labs are in charge of the development of several accelerator elements. Among those, a fully equipped Spoke cryomodule prototype was constructed. It integrates two superconducting single spoke cavities operating at 2K, the RF power couplers and the associated cold tuning systems. On the control side, a MTCA.4-based Low Level RadioFrequency (LLRF) system prototype has been implemented by IJCLab including FPGA specific firmware, a new µRTM frequency downconverter module from the company IOxOS Technologies and EPICS developments in collaboration with the SCK•CEN. The status of the LLRF system will be shown as well as its preliminary tests results.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-THPOPA14  
About • Received ※ 23 August 2022 — Revised ※ 26 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 01 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 01 September 2022
Cite • reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)  
 
THPOPA18 Development of a Tuner Control System for Low-Energy Superconducting Linac at RAON controls, cavity, LLRF, EPICS 778
 
  • H. Kim, M.O. Hyun, H. Jang, M.S. Kim, Y. Kim
    IBS, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
  
  Funding: This research was supported by the RISP of ibs funded by the Ministry of Science and the National Research Foundation (NRF) of the Republic of Korea under Contract 2013M7A1A1075764.
We propose a tuner control system for low-energy superconducting linac at RAON. The frequency error of the superconducting cavities must be smaller than a few of Hz to operate in beam acceleration mode. To minimize the freuqency error as much as possible, the error is calculated in the low-level RF(LLRF), and the proposed tuner control system changes the superconducting cavity frequency by using a mechanical tuner and a motor attached to the cavity directly. This control system deals with not only the initial frequency error of the cavity but also the frequency drift of the cavity induced by external disturbance such as the slow fluctuation helium pressure automatically. In addition, an automatic proportional gain calibration technique is also proposed. In this paper, the detailed operation and techniques will be described. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-THPOPA18  
About • Received ※ 13 August 2022 — Revised ※ 23 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 01 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 11 September 2022
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THPOGE13 Design of Production PIP-II SSR1 Cavities cavity, GUI, niobium, SRF 822
 
  • C.S. Narug, J. Bernardini, M. Parise, D. Passarelli
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, managed and operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
The testing and manufacturing process of the PIP-II Single Spoke Resonators Type 1 (SSR1) prototype jacketed cavity presented opportunities for refinement of the production series. Experience from the prototype cavity and the design of other cavities at Fermilab were used. The mechanical design of the production jacketed cavity has been modified from the prototype design to allow for improvements in overall performance, structural behavior, and manufacturability of the weld joints. 		 
poster icon Poster THPOGE13 [1.199 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-THPOGE13  
About • Received ※ 14 August 2022 — Revised ※ 23 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 01 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 02 September 2022
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THPOGE15 Measuring the Seebeck Coefficient at Cryogenic Temperatures for LCLS-II-HE Project niobium, cryogenics, experiment, SRF 825
 
  • L. Shpani, M. Ge, A.T. Holic, M. Liepe, J. Sears, N.M. Verboncoeur
    Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
  
  Funding: This work is supported by the DOE LCLS-II HE Project.
The Seebeck effect plays a crucial role during the cooldown procedure in SRF based accelerators, like LCLS-II at SLAC. The temperature-dependent Seebeck coefficient quantitatively measures the strength of electric potential induced by thermal gradients in metals. This effect is present in cryomodules and drives thermoelectric currents generating magnetic fields. These fields can get trapped in cavities and cause additional dissipation in RF fields. We have therefore designed and commissioned an experimental setup that does continuous measurements of the Seebeck coefficient for cryogenic temperatures ranging from 200K down to below 10K. We present results of the measurements of this coefficient for materials commonly used in cryomodules, such as niobium, titanium, niobium-titanium, silicon bronze, and stainless steel. 		 
poster icon Poster THPOGE15 [0.959 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-THPOGE15  
About • Received ※ 27 August 2022 — Revised ※ 04 September 2022 — Accepted ※ 26 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 29 September 2022
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THPOGE16 Evaluation of Single-Cell Cavities Made of Forged Ingot Niobium at Jefferson Lab cavity, SRF, niobium, radio-frequency 828
 
  • P. Dhakal, G. Ciovati, G.R. Myneni
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  • G. Ciovati, B.D. Khanal
    ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
  • G.R. Myneni
    BSCE, Yorktown, Virginia, USA
  
  Funding: This manuscript has been authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177.
Currently, fine grain niobium (Nb) (grain size ~ 50 um) and large grain Nb (grain size of a few cm) are being used for the fabrication of superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities. Medium grain forged ingot with grain size of a few hundred um may be beneficial for cost-effectiveness as well as providing better performance for future SRF-based accelerators. Forged ingot Nb with medium grain size is a novel production method to obtain Nb discs used for the fabrication of superconducting radio frequency cavities. We have fabricated two 1.5 GHz single cell cavities made from forged Nb ingot with a residual resistivity ratio of ~100. The cavities were chemically and mechanically polished and heat-treated in the temperature range of 650-1000 C before the rf test. One of the cavities reached an accelerating gradient of 34 MV/m with a quality factor Q > 1e10, while the second cavity was limited at 14 MV/m, likely due to a weld defect at the equator. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-THPOGE16  
About • Received ※ 22 August 2022 — Revised ※ 29 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 03 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 15 September 2022
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