LINAC2022 - List of Keywords (quadrupole)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MO1AA01	Upgrades and Developments at the ISIS Linac	rfq, linac, operation, MEBT	1
	A.P. Letchford STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
	The ISIS Spallation Neutron Source at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL) in the UK has a 70 MeV H⁻ linac operating at 202.5 MHz. The linac consists of a 665 keV RFQ and a 4-tank Drift Tube Linac (DTL). In order to ensure continued reliability, increase performance and lay the groundwork for possible facility upgrades in the future a programme of R&D has been taking place in recent years. This paper will discuss three components of that programme: the complete replacement of DTL Tank 4; the design of a Medium Energy beam Transport (MEBT) between the RFQ and DTL; and the Front End Test Stand (FETS), a demonstrator for the front end of a future high current, high energy linac.
	Slides MO1AA01 [26.001 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-MO1AA01
About •	Received ※ 16 August 2022 — Revised ※ 25 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 27 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 27 September 2022
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MOPOPA24	High-Brightness RFQ Injector for LANSCE Multi-Beam Operation	rfq, emittance, operation, solenoid	130
	Y.K. Batygin, D.A.D. Dimitrov, I. Draganić, D.V. Gorelov, E. Henestroza, S.S. Kurennoy LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
	Funding: Work supported by US DOE under contract 89233218CNA000001 The unique feature of the LANSCE accelerator facility is multi beam operation. Accelerator delivers 100 MeV H⁺ and 800 MeV H⁻ beams to five experimental areas. The LANSCE front end is equipped with two independent injectors for H⁺ and H⁻ beams, merging at the entrance of a Drift Tube Linac (DTL). Existing Cockcroft-Walton (CW) - based injector provides conservation of high value of beams brightness before injection into DTL. To reduce long-term operational risks and support beam delivery with high reliability, we designed an RFQ-based front end as a modern injector replacement for the CW injectors. Proposed injector includes two independent low-energy transports merging beams at the entrance of a single RFQ, which accelerates simultaneously both protons and H⁻ ions with multiple flavors of the beams. Paper discusses details of beam physics design and presents injector parameters.
	Slides MOPOPA24 [3.266 MB]
	Poster MOPOPA24 [5.806 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-MOPOPA24
About •	Received ※ 21 August 2022 — Revised ※ 26 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 28 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 01 September 2022
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MOPOGE15	Operation of the H⁻ Linac at FNAL	linac, operation, rfq, diagnostics	184
	K. Seiya, T.A. Butler, A. Hartman, D.C. Jones, V.V. Kapin, S. Moua, J.-F. Ostiguy, R. Ridgway, R.V. Sharankova, B.S. Stanzil, C.-Y. Tan, M.E. Wesley Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA M.W. Mwaniki IIT, Chicago, Illinois, USA
	The Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL) Linac has been in operation for 52 years. the Linac delivers H⁻ ions at 400 MeV and injects protons by charge exchange into the Booster synchrotron. Despite its age, the Linac is the most stable accelerator in the FNAL complex, reliably sending 22 mA in daily operations. We will discuss the status of the operation, beam studies, and plans.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-MOPOGE15
About •	Received ※ 16 August 2022 — Revised ※ 19 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 01 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 11 September 2022
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MOPOGE17	CST Modeling of the LANSCE Coupled-Cavity Linac	cavity, alignment, linac, emittance	191
	S.S. Kurennoy, Y.K. Batygin LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
	The 800-MeV proton linac at LANSCE consists of a drift-tube linac, which brings the beam to 100 MeV, followed by 44 modules of a coupled-cavity linac (CCL). Each CCL module contains multiple tanks, and it is fed by a single 805-MHz klystron. CCL tanks are multi-cell blocks of identical re-entrant side-coupled cavities, which are followed by drifts with magnetic quadrupole doublets. Bridge couplers - special cavities displaced from the beam axis - electromagnetically couple CCL tanks over such drifts within a module. We have developed 3D CST models of CCL tanks. The models are used to calculate electromagnetic fields in the tanks. Beam dynamics is modelled in CST for bunch trains with realistic beam distributions using the calculated RF fields and quadrupole magnetic fields. Beam dynamics results are crosschecked with other multi-particle codes and applied to evaluate effects of CCL misalignments.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-MOPOGE17
About •	Received ※ 22 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 29 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 02 September 2022
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MOPORI05	Application of Virtual Diagnostics in the FEBE Clara User Area	diagnostics, simulation, operation, instrumentation	231
	J. Wolfenden, C. Swain, C.P. Welsch The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom D.J. Dunning, J.K. Jones, T.H. Pacey, A.E. Pollard STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom C. Swain, C.P. Welsch, J. Wolfenden Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
	Funding: This work is supported by the AWAKE-UK phase II project funded by STFC and the STFC Cockcroft core grant No. ST/G008248/1. Successful user experiments at particle beam facilities are dependent upon the awareness of beam characteristics at the interaction point. Often, properties are measured beforehand for fixed operation modes; users then rely on the long-term stability of the beam. Otherwise, diagnostics must be integrated into a user experiment, costing resources and limiting space in the user area. This contribution proposes the application of machine learning to develop a suite of virtual diagnostic systems. Virtual diagnostics take data at easy to access locations, and infer beam properties at locations where a measurement has not been taken, and often cannot be taken. Here the focus is the user area at the planned Full Energy Beam Exploitation (FEBE) upgrade to the CLARA facility (UK). Presented is a simulation-based proof-of-concept for a variety of virtual diagnostics. Transverse and longitudinal properties are measured upstream of the user area, coupled with the beam optics parameters leading to the user area, and input into a neural network, to predict the same parameters within the user area. Potential instrumentation for FEBE CLARA virtual diagnostics will also be discussed.
	Poster MOPORI05 [0.613 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-MOPORI05
About •	Received ※ 17 August 2022 — Revised ※ 22 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 28 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 01 September 2022
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MOPORI10	First Studies of 5D Phase-Space Tomography of Electron Beams at ARES	electron, simulation, emittance, experiment	247
	S. Jaster-Merz, R.W. Aßmann, R. Brinkmann, F. Burkart, T. Vinatier DESY, Hamburg, Germany R.W. Aßmann LNF-INFN, Frascati, Italy
	A new beam diagnostics method to reconstruct the full 5-dimensional phase space (x, x’, y, y’, t) of bunches has recently been proposed. This method combines a quadrupole-based transverse phase-space tomography with the variable streaking angle of a polarizable X-band transverse deflecting structure (PolariX TDS). Two of these novel structures have recently been installed at the ARES beamline at DESY, which is a linear accelerator dedicated to accelerator research and development, including advanced diagnostics methods and novel accelerating techniques. In this paper, realistic simulation studies in preparation for planned experimental measurements are presented using the beamline setup at ARES. The reconstruction quality of the method for three beam distributions is studied and discussed, and it is shown how this method will allow the visualization of detailed features in the phase-space distribution.
	Slides MOPORI10 [0.808 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-MOPORI10
About •	Received ※ 22 August 2022 — Revised ※ 27 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 01 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 09 September 2022
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MOPORI15	Update of Adjustable PMQ Lens	permanent-magnet, focusing, site, dipole	262
	Y. Iwashita Kyoto University, Research Reactor Institute, Osaka, Japan Y. Fuwa JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan T. Hosokai ISIR, Osaka, Japan D. Oumbarek Espinos Osaka University, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka, Japan
	Gluckstern’s adjustable permanent magnet quadrupole (PMQ) lens based on five rings is revisited to achieve a compact focusing system for laser-accelerated beams. The first prototype was fabricated for bore diameter of 50 mm. The integrated gradient was up to 6.8 T. A new PMQ with a bore diameter of 25 mm is under fabrication based on the same geometry. While the first prototype unit was developed for the final focus magnet of the ILC, the sec-ond unit is the first doublet element for laser-accelerated electron beam focusing to be combined with this first unit. The current status of the development is reported.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-MOPORI15
About •	Received ※ 01 September 2022 — Revised ※ 03 September 2022 — Accepted ※ 05 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 15 September 2022
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TUPOJO14	Status of Testing and Commissioning of the Medium Energy Beam Transport Line of the ESS Normal Conducting Linac	MEBT, cavity, linac, MMI	376
	A.G. Sosa, R.A. Baron, H. Danared, C.S. Derrez, E.M. Donegani, M. Eshraqi, V. Grishin, A. Jansson, M. Jensen, B. Jones, E. Laface, B. Lagoguez, Y. Levinsen, J.P.S. Martins, N. Milas, R. Miyamoto, D.J.P. Nicosia, D. Noll, D.C. Plostinar, T.J. Shea, R. Tarkeshian, C.A. Thomas, E. Trachanas, P.L. van Velze ESS, Lund, Sweden I. Bustinduy, A. Conde, D. Fernández-Cañoto, N. Garmendia, P.J. González, G. Harper, A. Kaftoosian, J. Martin, I. Mazkiaran, J.L. Muñoz, A.R. Páramo, S. Varnasseri, A.Z. Zugazaga ESS Bilbao, Zamudio, Spain
	The latest beam commissioning phase of the Normal Conducting Linac at ESS delivered a proton beam through the Medium Energy Beam Transport (MEBT) into the first Drift Tube Linac (DTL) tank. The probe beam in MEBT consisted of 3.6 MeV protons of <6 mA, <5 microseconds pulse length and 1 Hz repetition rate. Following the delivery of the components at ESS in Lund in June 2019, the commissioning phase with the MEBT was completed in July 2022. In March 2022, the maximum beam current of 62.5 mA was transported up to the MEBT Faraday cup. This proceeding focuses on the status of MEBT including magnets, buncher cavities, scrapers and beam diagnostics designed and tested in collaboration with ESS Bilbao.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOJO14
About •	Received ※ 13 August 2022 — Revised ※ 19 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 31 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 01 September 2022
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TUPOPA09	RF Measurements and Tuning of the CERN 750 MHz ELISA-RFQ for Public Exhibition	rfq, simulation, factory, proton	426
	M. Marchi, A. Grudiev, S.J. Mathot, H.W. Pommerenke CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
	Over the last few years CERN has successfully designed, built and commissioned the smallest RFQ to date, the one meter long PIXE-RFQ operating at 750 MHz. Its compactness offers a unique opportunity for education and public presentation of the accelerator community: A duplicate machine called ELISA-RFQ (Experimental Linac for Surface Analysis) will be exhibited in the Science Gateway, CERN’s upcoming scientific education and outreach center. It will allow the public to approach within a few centimeters a live proton beam injected into air, which is visible to the naked eye. The construction of the ELISA-RFQ has been completed in 2022. In this paper, we present the results of low-power RF measurements as well as field and frequency tuning.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOPA09
About •	Received ※ 14 August 2022 — Revised ※ 18 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 30 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 01 September 2022
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TUPOPA10	Beam Dynamics and RF Design Studies for the New RFQ for CERN Linac4 Upgrade	rfq, linac, emittance, radio-frequency	430
	H.W. Pommerenke, G. Bellodi, A. Grudiev, S. Kumar, A.M. Lombardi CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
	The 352 MHz Linac4-RFQ is the first rf accelerating structure of the CERN accelerator complex, accelerating an H⁻ beam to 3 MeV. After successful commissioning in 2013, superficial vane damage has been observed in 2020. In view that the RFQ is a single point of failure, in parallel to the production of a near identical spare (RFQ2), design studies on a longer-term upgrade have been launched: Linac4-RFQ3. Main goals are to achieve a design with higher beam acceptance, reduced beam losses, and reduced RF breakdown rate. Two versions of RFQ are under study: a conventional RFQ built by brazing copper, as well as an RFQ with titanium vane tips (brazed on copper). High-gradient experiments suggest that titanium vane tips support higher surface fields compared to copper, up to 40 MV/m, and are more resistant against beam irradiation. In this paper, we present beam dynamics and rfdesign of both variants of RFQ3.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOPA10
About •	Received ※ 12 August 2022 — Revised ※ 19 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 29 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 02 September 2022
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TUPOPA11	Compact Proton Accelerator in UHF Band At KAHVELab	rfq, cavity, proton, vacuum	434
	S. Esen, A. Adiguzel, O. Kocer, S. Oz Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey A. Caglar YTU, Istanbul, Turkey E. Celebi, E.V. Ozcan Bogazici University, Bebek / Istanbul, Turkey E. Celebi IBU, Istanbul, Turkey A.K. Karatay, F. Yaman, Ö.H. Yilmaz IZTECH, Izmir, Turkey U. Kaya Istinye University, Institute of Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey A. Kilicgedik Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey G. Türemen Turkish Atomic Energy Authority, Ankara, Turkey G. Unel UCI, Irvine, California, USA
	Funding: This project are supported by TUBITAK Project no: 118E838 Proton Test Beam at KahveLAB (Kandilli Detector, Accelerator and Instrumentation Laboratory) project aims to design and produce a radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ) operating at 800 MHz in Istanbul, Turkey using the local resources. The beamline consists of a proton source, a low energy beam transport (LEBT) line including the beam diagnostic section, and the RFQ cavity itself. This RFQ is a 4-vane, 1-meter-long cavity to accelerate the 20 keV beam extracted from the plasma ion source to 2 MeV. Its engineering prototype is already produced and subjected to mechanical, low-power RF, and vacuum tests. In this poster, the results of the first test production, especially the bead-pull test setup will be discussed.
	Poster TUPOPA11 [16.128 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOPA11
About •	Received ※ 21 August 2022 — Revised ※ 22 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 12 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 26 September 2022
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TUPOPA12	RF Measurements and Tuning of the Test Module of 800 MHz Radio-Frequency Quadrupole	rfq, proton, radio-frequency, simulation	438
	A. Kilicgedik Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey A. Adiguzel, S. Esen Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey B. Baran Ankara University, Faculty of Sciences, Ankara, Turkey A. Caglar YTU, Istanbul, Turkey E. Celebi, E.V. Ozcan Bogazici University, Bebek / Istanbul, Turkey U. Kaya Istinye University, Institute of Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey G. Türemen TENMAK-NUKEN, Ankara, Turkey G. Unel UCI, Irvine, California, USA F. Yaman IZTECH, Izmir, Turkey
	Funding: This project are supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) Project no: 118E838 The 800 MHz RFQ (radio-frequency quadrupole), developed and built at KAHVElab (Kandilli Detector, Accelerator and Instrumentation Laboratory) at Bogazici University in Istanbul, Turkey, has been designed to provide protons that have an energy of 2 MeV within only 1 m length. The RFQ consists of two modules and the test module of RFQ was constructed. The algorithm developed by CERN, based on the measurements generated by the tuner settings estimated through the response matrix [1,2,3], has been optimized for a single module and 16 tuners. The desired field consistent with the simulation was obtained by bead pull measurements. In this study, we present low-power rf measurements and field tuning of the test module. [1] Koubek, B., et al., PHY. REV. ACC. AND BEAMS 20,08010(2017) [2] Koubek, B., et al., CERN-2017-0006,(2017) [3] Pommerenke, Hermann W., et al., Nuc. Inst. and Meth. in Phy. Res. Sec.A),165564(2021)
	Poster TUPOPA12 [1.699 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOPA12
About •	Received ※ 24 August 2022 — Revised ※ 27 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 31 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 02 September 2022
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TUPOGE19	Status of the New Intense Heavy Ion DTL Project Alvarez 2.0 at GSI	cavity, DTL, focusing, operation	537
	L. Groening, T. Dettinger, X. Du, M. Heilmann, M. Kaiser, E. Merz, S. Mickat, A. Rubin, C. Xiao GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
	The Alvarez-type post-stripper DTL at GSI accelerates intense ion beams with A/q <= 8.5 from 1.4 to 11.4 MeV/u. After more than 45 years of operation it suffers from aging and its design does not meet the requirements of the upcoming FAIR project. The design of a new 10⁸ MHz Alvarez-type DTL has been completed and series components for the 55 m long DTL are under production. In preparation, a first cavity section as First of Series has been operated at nominal RF-parameters. Additionally, a prototype drift tube with internal pulsed quadrupole has been built and operated at nominal parameters successfully. High quality of copper-plating of large components and add-on parts has been achieved within the ambitious specifications. This contribution summarizes the current project status of Alvarez 2.0 at GSI and sketches the future path to completion.
	Slides TUPOGE19 [1.197 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOGE19
About •	Received ※ 18 August 2022 — Revised ※ 30 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 08 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 15 September 2022
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TUPOGE20	Observation of Current-Driven Features of 2.5 Mev Ion Bunch With Complete and Efficient 5D Measurements at the SNS Beam Test Facility	rfq, dipole, space-charge, simulation	541
	K.J. Ruisard, A.V. Aleksandrov, S.M. Cousineau, A.M. Hoover, A.P. Zhukov ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
	Funding: Work supported by U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, High Energy Physics. Authored by UT- Battelle, LLC under DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. The SNS Beam Test Facility research program is focused detailed studies of beam distributions for medium-energy ion beams, with the goal of reconstructing realistic 6D bunch distributions to enable halo prediction. For complete characterization of the initial distribution, scan time scales exponentially with scan dimension. Currently, a full 6D measurement with ~10 points across most dimensions requires 30 hours. However, measurement of the 5D distribution f(x, x’,y,y’,w) can be done very rapidly using a hybrid slit/screen method. This approach requires ~4 hours to obtain at least 32 points/dimension, with very high resolution (0.5 keV) in the energy distribution. This presentation reports on the approach and results for 5D characterization of the initial RFQ-formed bunch. This includes higher-resolution views of previously reported transverse-longitudinal dependence and additional interplane dependencies that were not previously reported.
	Slides TUPOGE20 [1.230 MB]
	Poster TUPOGE20 [1.406 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOGE20
About •	Received ※ 25 August 2022 — Revised ※ 30 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 04 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 16 September 2022
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TUPORI03	Model Coupled Accelerator Tuning With an Envelope Code	simulation, ISAC, rfq, linac	549
	O. Shelbaya, R.A. Baartman, O.K. Kester, S. Kiy, S.D. Rädel TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada
	Funding: National Research Council Canada Frequent linac re-tuning is needed at TRIUMF-ISAC for the delivery of rare isotope beams at a variety of mass-to-charge ratios and beam energies. This operation is of appreciable complexity due to the nature of the accelerator, consisting of a separated function, variable output energy DTL paired with an RFQ. Reference tunes, computed from a variety of beam and accelerator simulation codes, are scaled according to the beam properties, though changing beam parameters at the sources requires manual tuning of matching section quadrupoles. Using an end-to-end envelope model of the machine in the code TRANSOPTR, these tunes can now be rapidly computed, and using beam diagnostic inputs to reconstruct the beam matrix, the model can be used to dynamically re-optimize the machine tune on-line.
	Poster TUPORI03 [1.257 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPORI03
About •	Received ※ 13 August 2022 — Revised ※ 23 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 30 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 02 September 2022
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TUPORI05	Beam Dynamic Simulations for the DTL Section of the High Brilliance Neutron Source	cavity, linac, neutron, emittance	556
	S. Lamprecht, M. Droba, K. Kümpel, O. Meusel, N.F. Petry, H. Podlech, M. Schwarz, C. Zhang IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
	As various experimental reactors in Europe are already or will be decommissioned over the next years, new neutron sources will be necessary to meet the demand for neutrons in research and development. The High Brilliance Neutron Source is an accelerator driven neutron source planned at the Forschungszentrum Jülich. The accelerator will accelerate a proton beam of 100 mA up to an end energy of 70 MeV, using 45 normal conducting CH-type cavities. Due to the high beam current, the beam dynamics concept requires special care. In this paper, the current status of the beam dynamics for the drift tube linac is presented.
	Poster TUPORI05 [0.917 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPORI05
About •	Received ※ 23 August 2022 — Revised ※ 24 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 31 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 01 September 2022
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TUPORI12	Beam Dynamics for the MAX IV Transverse Deflecting Cavity Beamline	linac, electron, emittance, optics	565
	N. Blaskovic Kraljevic, L. Isaksson, E. Mansten, S. Thorin MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
	The MAX IV 3 GeV linac delivers electron beams to two synchrotron rings and to a dedicated undulator system for X-ray beam delivery in the Short Pulse Facility (SPF). In addition, there are plans to use the linac as an injector for a future Soft X-ray Laser (SXL). For both SPF and SXL operations, longitudinal beam characterisation with a high temporal resolution is essential. For this purpose, a transverse deflecting cavity (TDC) system has been developed and is being installed in a dedicated electron beamline branch located downstream of the 3 GeV linac. This beamline consists of two consecutive 3 m long transverse S-band RF structures, followed by a variable vertical deflector dipole magnet used as an energy spectrometer. This conference contribution presents the beam dynamics calculations for the beam transport along the TDC beamline, and in particular the optics configurations for slice emittance and slice energy spread measurements. The operation of an analysis algorithm for use in the control room is discussed. The aim is to provide 1 fs temporal measurement resolution to access the bunch duration of highly compressed bunches and slice parameters for sub-10-fs bunches.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPORI12
About •	Received ※ 24 August 2022 — Revised ※ 25 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 01 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 15 September 2022
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TUPORI19	Beam Dynamics Framework Incorporating Acceleration Used to Define the Minimum Aperture of RF Cavity For FODO-like Focusing Scheme for Proton Radiotherapy Linac	cavity, acceleration, focusing, lattice	589
	M.J.W. Southerby, R. Apsimon Cockcroft Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
	Funding: Supported by the Cockcroft Institute Core Grant, ST/P002056/1. In this paper, we present a generalised analytical framework for beam dynamics studies and lattice designs, while incorporating longitudinal acceleration of bunches of charged particles. We study a ’FODO-like’ scheme, whereby we have an alternating array of focusing and defocusing quadrupoles and study how this differs from a standard FODO lattice due to acceleration. We present optimisation techniques to provide quadrupole parameters, cavity lengths, and required drift lengths under different constraints.
	Poster TUPORI19 [0.997 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPORI19
About •	Received ※ 23 August 2022 — Revised ※ 27 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 29 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 01 September 2022
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TUPORI30	Application of Permanent Magnets in Solenoid and Quadrupole Focusing	solenoid, permanent-magnet, focusing, vacuum	622
	J.D. Kaiser, A. Ateş, H. Hähnel, U. Ratzinger IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
	Permanent magnets can be used to design compact high gradient focusing elements for particle accelerators. Based on cheap industrial standard Neodym permanent magnets, design studies for Solenoids and Quadrupoles are presented. The Solenoid design consists of three segments, where the outer segments possess a radial magnetization and the inner segments an axial magnetization. This increases the mean field strength in comparison to a singlet hollow cylinder solenoid. The quadrupole design consists of 16 block magnets and is designed to be rather simplistic. The casing consists of two half shells, which can be easily mounted around a beam pipe. For a quadrupole triplet configuration the influence of different geometric parameters on beam transport regarding focusing strength and emittance growth is investigated. Furthermore, a variation of the quadrupole design was mounted in vacuum in a triplet configuration. Using custom 3D-printed mounts for small raspberry pi cameras the beam could be observed inside the quadrupoles. A first prototype was constructed
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPORI30
About •	Received ※ 13 August 2022 — Revised ※ 17 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 02 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 04 September 2022
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THPOJO26	Conceptual Design of the PERLE Injector	emittance, linac, space-charge, dipole	743
	B. Hounsell, M. Klein, C.P. Welsch The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom B. Hounsell, B.L. Militsyn, C.P. Welsch Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom B. Hounsell, W. Kaabi Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France B.L. Militsyn STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
	Energy Recovery Linacs such as PERLE require high average current high brightness beams. This sets particular requirements on the kind of injectors that they can use as the injectors must be capable of producing bunches at MHz repetition rates, compressing the bunches to the specified value and transporting those bunches while they are still in the space charge dominated regime into the main ERL all while keeping the emittance low. In particular, PERLE will require a 20 mA beam consisting of 500 pC bunches with a repetition rate of 40 MHz. These bunches will be required to have rms lengths of 3mm, a total beam energy of 7 MeV, appropriate Twiss parameters to match them to the main loop and transverse emittances of < 6 mm mrad. In this paper, a DC gun based injector capable of meeting this specification will be presented with beam dynamics simulation showing the behaviour of the beam from the photocathode to the exit of the first main linac pass. The beam dynamics challenges will be discussed in terms of both the transverse emittance growth and the sources of non-linearity in the longitudinal phase space.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-THPOJO26
About •	Received ※ 20 August 2022 — Revised ※ 24 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 01 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 15 September 2022
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Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MO1AA01

Upgrades and Developments at the ISIS Linac

rfq, linac, operation, MEBT

1

A.P. Letchford
STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom

The ISIS Spallation Neutron Source at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL) in the UK has a 70 MeV H⁻ linac operating at 202.5 MHz. The linac consists of a 665 keV RFQ and a 4-tank Drift Tube Linac (DTL). In order to ensure continued reliability, increase performance and lay the groundwork for possible facility upgrades in the future a programme of R&D has been taking place in recent years. This paper will discuss three components of that programme: the complete replacement of DTL Tank 4; the design of a Medium Energy beam Transport (MEBT) between the RFQ and DTL; and the Front End Test Stand (FETS), a demonstrator for the front end of a future high current, high energy linac.

Slides MO1AA01 [26.001 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-MO1AA01

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Received ※ 16 August 2022 — Revised ※ 25 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 27 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 27 September 2022

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MOPOPA24

High-Brightness RFQ Injector for LANSCE Multi-Beam Operation

rfq, emittance, operation, solenoid

130

Y.K. Batygin, D.A.D. Dimitrov, I. Draganić, D.V. Gorelov, E. Henestroza, S.S. Kurennoy
LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA

Funding: Work supported by US DOE under contract 89233218CNA000001
The unique feature of the LANSCE accelerator facility is multi beam operation. Accelerator delivers 100 MeV H⁺ and 800 MeV H⁻ beams to five experimental areas. The LANSCE front end is equipped with two independent injectors for H⁺ and H⁻ beams, merging at the entrance of a Drift Tube Linac (DTL). Existing Cockcroft-Walton (CW) - based injector provides conservation of high value of beams brightness before injection into DTL. To reduce long-term operational risks and support beam delivery with high reliability, we designed an RFQ-based front end as a modern injector replacement for the CW injectors. Proposed injector includes two independent low-energy transports merging beams at the entrance of a single RFQ, which accelerates simultaneously both protons and H⁻ ions with multiple flavors of the beams. Paper discusses details of beam physics design and presents injector parameters.

Slides MOPOPA24 [3.266 MB]

Poster MOPOPA24 [5.806 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-MOPOPA24

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Received ※ 21 August 2022 — Revised ※ 26 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 28 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 01 September 2022

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MOPOGE15

Operation of the H⁻ Linac at FNAL

linac, operation, rfq, diagnostics

184

K. Seiya, T.A. Butler, A. Hartman, D.C. Jones, V.V. Kapin, S. Moua, J.-F. Ostiguy, R. Ridgway, R.V. Sharankova, B.S. Stanzil, C.-Y. Tan, M.E. Wesley
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
M.W. Mwaniki
IIT, Chicago, Illinois, USA

The Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL) Linac has been in operation for 52 years. the Linac delivers H⁻ ions at 400 MeV and injects protons by charge exchange into the Booster synchrotron. Despite its age, the Linac is the most stable accelerator in the FNAL complex, reliably sending 22 mA in daily operations. We will discuss the status of the operation, beam studies, and plans.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-MOPOGE15

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Received ※ 16 August 2022 — Revised ※ 19 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 01 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 11 September 2022

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MOPOGE17

CST Modeling of the LANSCE Coupled-Cavity Linac

cavity, alignment, linac, emittance

191

S.S. Kurennoy, Y.K. Batygin
LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA

The 800-MeV proton linac at LANSCE consists of a drift-tube linac, which brings the beam to 100 MeV, followed by 44 modules of a coupled-cavity linac (CCL). Each CCL module contains multiple tanks, and it is fed by a single 805-MHz klystron. CCL tanks are multi-cell blocks of identical re-entrant side-coupled cavities, which are followed by drifts with magnetic quadrupole doublets. Bridge couplers - special cavities displaced from the beam axis - electromagnetically couple CCL tanks over such drifts within a module. We have developed 3D CST models of CCL tanks. The models are used to calculate electromagnetic fields in the tanks. Beam dynamics is modelled in CST for bunch trains with realistic beam distributions using the calculated RF fields and quadrupole magnetic fields. Beam dynamics results are crosschecked with other multi-particle codes and applied to evaluate effects of CCL misalignments.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-MOPOGE17

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Received ※ 22 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 29 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 02 September 2022

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MOPORI05

Application of Virtual Diagnostics in the FEBE Clara User Area

diagnostics, simulation, operation, instrumentation

231

J. Wolfenden, C. Swain, C.P. Welsch
The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
D.J. Dunning, J.K. Jones, T.H. Pacey, A.E. Pollard
STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
C. Swain, C.P. Welsch, J. Wolfenden
Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom

Funding: This work is supported by the AWAKE-UK phase II project funded by STFC and the STFC Cockcroft core grant No. ST/G008248/1.
Successful user experiments at particle beam facilities are dependent upon the awareness of beam characteristics at the interaction point. Often, properties are measured beforehand for fixed operation modes; users then rely on the long-term stability of the beam. Otherwise, diagnostics must be integrated into a user experiment, costing resources and limiting space in the user area. This contribution proposes the application of machine learning to develop a suite of virtual diagnostic systems. Virtual diagnostics take data at easy to access locations, and infer beam properties at locations where a measurement has not been taken, and often cannot be taken. Here the focus is the user area at the planned Full Energy Beam Exploitation (FEBE) upgrade to the CLARA facility (UK). Presented is a simulation-based proof-of-concept for a variety of virtual diagnostics. Transverse and longitudinal properties are measured upstream of the user area, coupled with the beam optics parameters leading to the user area, and input into a neural network, to predict the same parameters within the user area. Potential instrumentation for FEBE CLARA virtual diagnostics will also be discussed.

Poster MOPORI05 [0.613 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-MOPORI05

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Received ※ 17 August 2022 — Revised ※ 22 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 28 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 01 September 2022

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MOPORI10

First Studies of 5D Phase-Space Tomography of Electron Beams at ARES

electron, simulation, emittance, experiment

247

S. Jaster-Merz, R.W. Aßmann, R. Brinkmann, F. Burkart, T. Vinatier
DESY, Hamburg, Germany
R.W. Aßmann
LNF-INFN, Frascati, Italy

A new beam diagnostics method to reconstruct the full 5-dimensional phase space (x, x’, y, y’, t) of bunches has recently been proposed. This method combines a quadrupole-based transverse phase-space tomography with the variable streaking angle of a polarizable X-band transverse deflecting structure (PolariX TDS). Two of these novel structures have recently been installed at the ARES beamline at DESY, which is a linear accelerator dedicated to accelerator research and development, including advanced diagnostics methods and novel accelerating techniques. In this paper, realistic simulation studies in preparation for planned experimental measurements are presented using the beamline setup at ARES. The reconstruction quality of the method for three beam distributions is studied and discussed, and it is shown how this method will allow the visualization of detailed features in the phase-space distribution.

Slides MOPORI10 [0.808 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-MOPORI10

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Received ※ 22 August 2022 — Revised ※ 27 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 01 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 09 September 2022

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MOPORI15

Update of Adjustable PMQ Lens

permanent-magnet, focusing, site, dipole

262

Y. Iwashita
Kyoto University, Research Reactor Institute, Osaka, Japan
Y. Fuwa
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan
T. Hosokai
ISIR, Osaka, Japan
D. Oumbarek Espinos
Osaka University, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka, Japan

Gluckstern’s adjustable permanent magnet quadrupole (PMQ) lens based on five rings is revisited to achieve a compact focusing system for laser-accelerated beams. The first prototype was fabricated for bore diameter of 50 mm. The integrated gradient was up to 6.8 T. A new PMQ with a bore diameter of 25 mm is under fabrication based on the same geometry. While the first prototype unit was developed for the final focus magnet of the ILC, the sec-ond unit is the first doublet element for laser-accelerated electron beam focusing to be combined with this first unit. The current status of the development is reported.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-MOPORI15

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Received ※ 01 September 2022 — Revised ※ 03 September 2022 — Accepted ※ 05 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 15 September 2022

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TUPOJO14

Status of Testing and Commissioning of the Medium Energy Beam Transport Line of the ESS Normal Conducting Linac

MEBT, cavity, linac, MMI

376

A.G. Sosa, R.A. Baron, H. Danared, C.S. Derrez, E.M. Donegani, M. Eshraqi, V. Grishin, A. Jansson, M. Jensen, B. Jones, E. Laface, B. Lagoguez, Y. Levinsen, J.P.S. Martins, N. Milas, R. Miyamoto, D.J.P. Nicosia, D. Noll, D.C. Plostinar, T.J. Shea, R. Tarkeshian, C.A. Thomas, E. Trachanas, P.L. van Velze
ESS, Lund, Sweden
I. Bustinduy, A. Conde, D. Fernández-Cañoto, N. Garmendia, P.J. González, G. Harper, A. Kaftoosian, J. Martin, I. Mazkiaran, J.L. Muñoz, A.R. Páramo, S. Varnasseri, A.Z. Zugazaga
ESS Bilbao, Zamudio, Spain

The latest beam commissioning phase of the Normal Conducting Linac at ESS delivered a proton beam through the Medium Energy Beam Transport (MEBT) into the first Drift Tube Linac (DTL) tank. The probe beam in MEBT consisted of 3.6 MeV protons of <6 mA, <5 microseconds pulse length and 1 Hz repetition rate. Following the delivery of the components at ESS in Lund in June 2019, the commissioning phase with the MEBT was completed in July 2022. In March 2022, the maximum beam current of 62.5 mA was transported up to the MEBT Faraday cup. This proceeding focuses on the status of MEBT including magnets, buncher cavities, scrapers and beam diagnostics designed and tested in collaboration with ESS Bilbao.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOJO14

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Received ※ 13 August 2022 — Revised ※ 19 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 31 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 01 September 2022

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TUPOPA09

RF Measurements and Tuning of the CERN 750 MHz ELISA-RFQ for Public Exhibition

rfq, simulation, factory, proton

426

M. Marchi, A. Grudiev, S.J. Mathot, H.W. Pommerenke
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

Over the last few years CERN has successfully designed, built and commissioned the smallest RFQ to date, the one meter long PIXE-RFQ operating at 750 MHz. Its compactness offers a unique opportunity for education and public presentation of the accelerator community: A duplicate machine called ELISA-RFQ (Experimental Linac for Surface Analysis) will be exhibited in the Science Gateway, CERN’s upcoming scientific education and outreach center. It will allow the public to approach within a few centimeters a live proton beam injected into air, which is visible to the naked eye. The construction of the ELISA-RFQ has been completed in 2022. In this paper, we present the results of low-power RF measurements as well as field and frequency tuning.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOPA09

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Received ※ 14 August 2022 — Revised ※ 18 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 30 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 01 September 2022

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TUPOPA10

Beam Dynamics and RF Design Studies for the New RFQ for CERN Linac4 Upgrade

rfq, linac, emittance, radio-frequency

430

H.W. Pommerenke, G. Bellodi, A. Grudiev, S. Kumar, A.M. Lombardi
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

The 352 MHz Linac4-RFQ is the first rf accelerating structure of the CERN accelerator complex, accelerating an H⁻ beam to 3 MeV. After successful commissioning in 2013, superficial vane damage has been observed in 2020. In view that the RFQ is a single point of failure, in parallel to the production of a near identical spare (RFQ2), design studies on a longer-term upgrade have been launched: Linac4-RFQ3. Main goals are to achieve a design with higher beam acceptance, reduced beam losses, and reduced RF breakdown rate. Two versions of RFQ are under study: a conventional RFQ built by brazing copper, as well as an RFQ with titanium vane tips (brazed on copper). High-gradient experiments suggest that titanium vane tips support higher surface fields compared to copper, up to 40 MV/m, and are more resistant against beam irradiation. In this paper, we present beam dynamics and rfdesign of both variants of RFQ3.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOPA10

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Received ※ 12 August 2022 — Revised ※ 19 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 29 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 02 September 2022

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TUPOPA11

Compact Proton Accelerator in UHF Band At KAHVELab

rfq, cavity, proton, vacuum

434

S. Esen, A. Adiguzel, O. Kocer, S. Oz
Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
A. Caglar
YTU, Istanbul, Turkey
E. Celebi, E.V. Ozcan
Bogazici University, Bebek / Istanbul, Turkey
E. Celebi
IBU, Istanbul, Turkey
A.K. Karatay, F. Yaman, Ö.H. Yilmaz
IZTECH, Izmir, Turkey
U. Kaya
Istinye University, Institute of Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
A. Kilicgedik
Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
G. Türemen
Turkish Atomic Energy Authority, Ankara, Turkey
G. Unel
UCI, Irvine, California, USA

Funding: This project are supported by TUBITAK Project no: 118E838
Proton Test Beam at KahveLAB (Kandilli Detector, Accelerator and Instrumentation Laboratory) project aims to design and produce a radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ) operating at 800 MHz in Istanbul, Turkey using the local resources. The beamline consists of a proton source, a low energy beam transport (LEBT) line including the beam diagnostic section, and the RFQ cavity itself. This RFQ is a 4-vane, 1-meter-long cavity to accelerate the 20 keV beam extracted from the plasma ion source to 2 MeV. Its engineering prototype is already produced and subjected to mechanical, low-power RF, and vacuum tests. In this poster, the results of the first test production, especially the bead-pull test setup will be discussed.

Poster TUPOPA11 [16.128 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOPA11

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Received ※ 21 August 2022 — Revised ※ 22 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 12 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 26 September 2022

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TUPOPA12

RF Measurements and Tuning of the Test Module of 800 MHz Radio-Frequency Quadrupole

rfq, proton, radio-frequency, simulation

438

A. Kilicgedik
Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
A. Adiguzel, S. Esen
Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
B. Baran
Ankara University, Faculty of Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
A. Caglar
YTU, Istanbul, Turkey
E. Celebi, E.V. Ozcan
Bogazici University, Bebek / Istanbul, Turkey
U. Kaya
Istinye University, Institute of Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
G. Türemen
TENMAK-NUKEN, Ankara, Turkey
G. Unel
UCI, Irvine, California, USA
F. Yaman
IZTECH, Izmir, Turkey

Funding: This project are supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) Project no: 118E838
The 800 MHz RFQ (radio-frequency quadrupole), developed and built at KAHVElab (Kandilli Detector, Accelerator and Instrumentation Laboratory) at Bogazici University in Istanbul, Turkey, has been designed to provide protons that have an energy of 2 MeV within only 1 m length. The RFQ consists of two modules and the test module of RFQ was constructed. The algorithm developed by CERN, based on the measurements generated by the tuner settings estimated through the response matrix [1,2,3], has been optimized for a single module and 16 tuners. The desired field consistent with the simulation was obtained by bead pull measurements. In this study, we present low-power rf measurements and field tuning of the test module.
[1] Koubek, B., et al., PHY. REV. ACC. AND BEAMS 20,08010(2017)
[2] Koubek, B., et al., CERN-2017-0006,(2017)
[3] Pommerenke, Hermann W., et al., Nuc. Inst. and Meth. in Phy. Res. Sec.A),165564(2021)

Poster TUPOPA12 [1.699 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOPA12

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Received ※ 24 August 2022 — Revised ※ 27 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 31 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 02 September 2022

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TUPOGE19

Status of the New Intense Heavy Ion DTL Project Alvarez 2.0 at GSI

cavity, DTL, focusing, operation

537

L. Groening, T. Dettinger, X. Du, M. Heilmann, M. Kaiser, E. Merz, S. Mickat, A. Rubin, C. Xiao
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany

The Alvarez-type post-stripper DTL at GSI accelerates intense ion beams with A/q <= 8.5 from 1.4 to 11.4 MeV/u. After more than 45 years of operation it suffers from aging and its design does not meet the requirements of the upcoming FAIR project. The design of a new 10⁸ MHz Alvarez-type DTL has been completed and series components for the 55 m long DTL are under production. In preparation, a first cavity section as First of Series has been operated at nominal RF-parameters. Additionally, a prototype drift tube with internal pulsed quadrupole has been built and operated at nominal parameters successfully. High quality of copper-plating of large components and add-on parts has been achieved within the ambitious specifications. This contribution summarizes the current project status of Alvarez 2.0 at GSI and sketches the future path to completion.

Slides TUPOGE19 [1.197 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOGE19

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Received ※ 18 August 2022 — Revised ※ 30 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 08 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 15 September 2022

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TUPOGE20

Observation of Current-Driven Features of 2.5 Mev Ion Bunch With Complete and Efficient 5D Measurements at the SNS Beam Test Facility

rfq, dipole, space-charge, simulation

541

K.J. Ruisard, A.V. Aleksandrov, S.M. Cousineau, A.M. Hoover, A.P. Zhukov
ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA

Funding: Work supported by U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, High Energy Physics. Authored by UT- Battelle, LLC under DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725.
The SNS Beam Test Facility research program is focused detailed studies of beam distributions for medium-energy ion beams, with the goal of reconstructing realistic 6D bunch distributions to enable halo prediction. For complete characterization of the initial distribution, scan time scales exponentially with scan dimension. Currently, a full 6D measurement with ~10 points across most dimensions requires 30 hours. However, measurement of the 5D distribution f(x, x’,y,y’,w) can be done very rapidly using a hybrid slit/screen method. This approach requires ~4 hours to obtain at least 32 points/dimension, with very high resolution (0.5 keV) in the energy distribution. This presentation reports on the approach and results for 5D characterization of the initial RFQ-formed bunch. This includes higher-resolution views of previously reported transverse-longitudinal dependence and additional interplane dependencies that were not previously reported.

Slides TUPOGE20 [1.230 MB]

Poster TUPOGE20 [1.406 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOGE20

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Received ※ 25 August 2022 — Revised ※ 30 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 04 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 16 September 2022

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TUPORI03

Model Coupled Accelerator Tuning With an Envelope Code

simulation, ISAC, rfq, linac

549

O. Shelbaya, R.A. Baartman, O.K. Kester, S. Kiy, S.D. Rädel
TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada

Funding: National Research Council Canada
Frequent linac re-tuning is needed at TRIUMF-ISAC for the delivery of rare isotope beams at a variety of mass-to-charge ratios and beam energies. This operation is of appreciable complexity due to the nature of the accelerator, consisting of a separated function, variable output energy DTL paired with an RFQ. Reference tunes, computed from a variety of beam and accelerator simulation codes, are scaled according to the beam properties, though changing beam parameters at the sources requires manual tuning of matching section quadrupoles. Using an end-to-end envelope model of the machine in the code TRANSOPTR, these tunes can now be rapidly computed, and using beam diagnostic inputs to reconstruct the beam matrix, the model can be used to dynamically re-optimize the machine tune on-line.

Poster TUPORI03 [1.257 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPORI03

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Received ※ 13 August 2022 — Revised ※ 23 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 30 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 02 September 2022

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TUPORI05

Beam Dynamic Simulations for the DTL Section of the High Brilliance Neutron Source

cavity, linac, neutron, emittance

556

S. Lamprecht, M. Droba, K. Kümpel, O. Meusel, N.F. Petry, H. Podlech, M. Schwarz, C. Zhang
IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

As various experimental reactors in Europe are already or will be decommissioned over the next years, new neutron sources will be necessary to meet the demand for neutrons in research and development. The High Brilliance Neutron Source is an accelerator driven neutron source planned at the Forschungszentrum Jülich. The accelerator will accelerate a proton beam of 100 mA up to an end energy of 70 MeV, using 45 normal conducting CH-type cavities. Due to the high beam current, the beam dynamics concept requires special care. In this paper, the current status of the beam dynamics for the drift tube linac is presented.

Poster TUPORI05 [0.917 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPORI05

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Received ※ 23 August 2022 — Revised ※ 24 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 31 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 01 September 2022

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TUPORI12

Beam Dynamics for the MAX IV Transverse Deflecting Cavity Beamline

linac, electron, emittance, optics

565

N. Blaskovic Kraljevic, L. Isaksson, E. Mansten, S. Thorin
MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

The MAX IV 3 GeV linac delivers electron beams to two synchrotron rings and to a dedicated undulator system for X-ray beam delivery in the Short Pulse Facility (SPF). In addition, there are plans to use the linac as an injector for a future Soft X-ray Laser (SXL). For both SPF and SXL operations, longitudinal beam characterisation with a high temporal resolution is essential. For this purpose, a transverse deflecting cavity (TDC) system has been developed and is being installed in a dedicated electron beamline branch located downstream of the 3 GeV linac. This beamline consists of two consecutive 3 m long transverse S-band RF structures, followed by a variable vertical deflector dipole magnet used as an energy spectrometer. This conference contribution presents the beam dynamics calculations for the beam transport along the TDC beamline, and in particular the optics configurations for slice emittance and slice energy spread measurements. The operation of an analysis algorithm for use in the control room is discussed. The aim is to provide 1 fs temporal measurement resolution to access the bunch duration of highly compressed bunches and slice parameters for sub-10-fs bunches.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPORI12

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Received ※ 24 August 2022 — Revised ※ 25 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 01 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 15 September 2022

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TUPORI19

Beam Dynamics Framework Incorporating Acceleration Used to Define the Minimum Aperture of RF Cavity For FODO-like Focusing Scheme for Proton Radiotherapy Linac

cavity, acceleration, focusing, lattice

589

M.J.W. Southerby, R. Apsimon
Cockcroft Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom

Funding: Supported by the Cockcroft Institute Core Grant, ST/P002056/1.
In this paper, we present a generalised analytical framework for beam dynamics studies and lattice designs, while incorporating longitudinal acceleration of bunches of charged particles. We study a ’FODO-like’ scheme, whereby we have an alternating array of focusing and defocusing quadrupoles and study how this differs from a standard FODO lattice due to acceleration. We present optimisation techniques to provide quadrupole parameters, cavity lengths, and required drift lengths under different constraints.

Poster TUPORI19 [0.997 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPORI19

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Received ※ 23 August 2022 — Revised ※ 27 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 29 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 01 September 2022

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TUPORI30

Application of Permanent Magnets in Solenoid and Quadrupole Focusing

solenoid, permanent-magnet, focusing, vacuum

622

J.D. Kaiser, A. Ateş, H. Hähnel, U. Ratzinger
IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

Permanent magnets can be used to design compact high gradient focusing elements for particle accelerators. Based on cheap industrial standard Neodym permanent magnets, design studies for Solenoids and Quadrupoles are presented. The Solenoid design consists of three segments, where the outer segments possess a radial magnetization and the inner segments an axial magnetization. This increases the mean field strength in comparison to a singlet hollow cylinder solenoid. The quadrupole design consists of 16 block magnets and is designed to be rather simplistic. The casing consists of two half shells, which can be easily mounted around a beam pipe. For a quadrupole triplet configuration the influence of different geometric parameters on beam transport regarding focusing strength and emittance growth is investigated. Furthermore, a variation of the quadrupole design was mounted in vacuum in a triplet configuration. Using custom 3D-printed mounts for small raspberry pi cameras the beam could be observed inside the quadrupoles. A first prototype was constructed

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPORI30

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Received ※ 13 August 2022 — Revised ※ 17 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 02 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 04 September 2022

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THPOJO26

Conceptual Design of the PERLE Injector

emittance, linac, space-charge, dipole

743

B. Hounsell, M. Klein, C.P. Welsch
The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
B. Hounsell, B.L. Militsyn, C.P. Welsch
Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
B. Hounsell, W. Kaabi
Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
B.L. Militsyn
STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom

Energy Recovery Linacs such as PERLE require high average current high brightness beams. This sets particular requirements on the kind of injectors that they can use as the injectors must be capable of producing bunches at MHz repetition rates, compressing the bunches to the specified value and transporting those bunches while they are still in the space charge dominated regime into the main ERL all while keeping the emittance low. In particular, PERLE will require a 20 mA beam consisting of 500 pC bunches with a repetition rate of 40 MHz. These bunches will be required to have rms lengths of 3mm, a total beam energy of 7 MeV, appropriate Twiss parameters to match them to the main loop and transverse emittances of < 6 mm mrad. In this paper, a DC gun based injector capable of meeting this specification will be presented with beam dynamics simulation showing the behaviour of the beam from the photocathode to the exit of the first main linac pass. The beam dynamics challenges will be discussed in terms of both the transverse emittance growth and the sources of non-linearity in the longitudinal phase space.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-THPOJO26

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Received ※ 20 August 2022 — Revised ※ 24 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 01 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 15 September 2022

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