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MOOAA03
 Welcome and Introduction of UK Accelerators  
 
  • J.A. Clarke
    STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  
  UK activities in this field are far to big a subject to be covered in this talk. Therefore I pick out a few personal highlights: Daresbury, Rutherford Appleton, Cockcroft, ASTeC and John Adams institutes.  
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MOPORI13 On the UNILAC Pulsed Gas Stripper at GSI 258
 
  • P. Gerhard, M.T. Maier
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
  
  The UNILAC will serve as injector linac for heavy ion beams for the future FAIR, with the commissioning being anticipated in 2025. One of the crucial steps in the course of acceleration along the UNILAC is the stripping of the ions by a gas stripper in front of the main linac. Its efficiency is decisive in reaching the intensities required and may be increased by more than 50% by introducing hydrogen as stripping target, instead of the nitrogen used so far. This requires the stripper to be operated in a pulsed mode, since otherwise the pumping speed is not sufficient to maintain suitable vacuum conditions. The proof of principle was demonstrated in 2016*. A dedicated project aims for a setup suitable for routine operation. Main issues are safety, reliability and automated operation. We report on the development done since 2016 and give an overview of the realisation coming within the next few years. Results from systematic measurements on the properties of the valves and their impact on the properties of the stripping target are presented.
* P. Scharrer et al., Developments on the 1.4 MeV/u Pulsed Gas Stripper Cell, in Proc. LINAC2016, East Lansing, MI, USA, Sep. 2016. https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-TUOP03 		 
poster icon Poster MOPORI13 [1.908 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-MOPORI13  
About • Received ※ 05 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 02 September 2022  
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MOPORI15 Update of Adjustable PMQ Lens 262
 
  • Y. Iwashita
    Kyoto University, Research Reactor Institute, Osaka, Japan
  • Y. Fuwa
    JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan
  • T. Hosokai
    ISIR, Osaka, Japan
  • D. Oumbarek Espinos
    Osaka University, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka, Japan
  
  Gluckstern’s adjustable permanent magnet quadrupole (PMQ) lens based on five rings is revisited to achieve a compact focusing system for laser-accelerated beams. The first prototype was fabricated for bore diameter of 50 mm. The integrated gradient was up to 6.8 T. A new PMQ with a bore diameter of 25 mm is under fabrication based on the same geometry. While the first prototype unit was developed for the final focus magnet of the ILC, the sec-ond unit is the first doublet element for laser-accelerated electron beam focusing to be combined with this first unit. The current status of the development is reported.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-MOPORI15  
About • Received ※ 01 September 2022 — Revised ※ 03 September 2022 — Accepted ※ 05 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 15 September 2022
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MOPORI17 The ESS Fast Beam Interlock System: First Experience of Operating With Proton Beam 265
 
  • S. Gabourin, M. Carroll, S. Kövecses de Carvalho, A. Nordt, S. Pavinato, K. Rosquist
    ESS, Lund, Sweden
  
  The European Spallation Source (ESS), Sweden, currently in its early operation phase, aims to be the most powerful neutron source in the world. Proton beam pulses are accelerated and sent to a rotating tungsten target, where neutrons are generated via the spallation effect. The damage potential of the ESS proton beam is high and melting of copper or steel can happen within less than 5 microseconds. Therefore, highly reliable and fast machine protection (MP) systems have been designed and deployed. The core system of ESS Machine Protection is the Fast Beam Interlock System (FBIS), based on FPGA technology. FBIS collects data from all relevant accelerator and target systems through 300 direct inputs and decides whether beam operation can start or must stop. The architecture is based on two main building blocks: Decision Logic Node (DLN), executing the protection logic and realizing interfaces to Higher-Level Safety, Timing System and EPICS Control System. The second block, the Signal Condition Unit (SCU), implements the interface between FBIS inputs/outputs and DLNs. This paper gives an overview on FBIS and a summary on its performance during beam commissioning phases since 2021.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-MOPORI17  
About • Received ※ 19 August 2022 — Revised ※ 26 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 02 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 03 September 2022
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MOPORI18 Overview of STFC Daresbury Laboratory Vacuum Operations for the Testing of ESS High Beta Cavities. 268
 
  • S. Wilde, K.J. Middleman, M.D. Pendleton, J.O.W. Poynton
    STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • D.A. Mason, G. Miller, J. Mutch
    STFC/DL, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • K.J. Middleman
    Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  
  This paper describes the vacuum systems and operations that are used at the STFC Daresbury Laboratory SuRF lab during cold RF testing of ESS high beta RF accelerating cavities. Dedicated slow pump slow vent (SPSV) systems are used to perform vacuum acceptance testing of each cavity before, during and after cold RF testing. Details of the vacuum systems, support facilities, acceptance criteria and test results will be discussed in detail.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-MOPORI18  
About • Received ※ 24 August 2022 — Revised ※ 01 September 2022 — Accepted ※ 02 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 09 September 2022
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TU1PA02
 Low Intrinsic Emittance in Space-Charge Dominated Photoinjectors  
 
  • J.M. Maxson
    Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
  
  Reducing the intrinsic emittance of photocathodes is in principle one of the most promising routes to improving the brightness of photoinjectors, but it is often unclear to what extent these reductions actually improve the final emittance of practical space charge-dominated injectors. This talk will first discuss simulation optimizations that show that intrinsic emittance reductions of at least an order of magnitude beyond the state of the art can still yield dramatic emittance improvements in multiple applications including free-electron laser injectors and ultrafast electron diffraction. Finally, this talk will discuss the status of the generation of low intrinsic emittance in modern semiconductor photocathodes, and will present new results on the minimum achievable intrinsic emittances from CsTe photocathodes.  
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TH1AA01
 Nitrogen Gas-Jet Curtain for Windowless Helium Gas Cell Equipped With Differential Pumping Systems  
 
  • H. Imao
    RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Japan
  
  Windowless helium gas cells are used for heavy ion beam charge strippers, high intensity beam targets, and GARIS (GAs-filled Recoil Ion Separator) for nuclear physics experiments. They are usually accompanied by a differential pumping system, but due to the high diffusion rate of helium gas, helium gas diffuses into the region where a high vacuum is required, and as a result, it is difficult to increase the helium gas pressure. To solve this problem, we invented the "nitrogen gas curtain". This not only prevents helium gas from leaking out to the high vacuum side, but also allows nitrogen to leak out instead of helium, making it easier to increase the vacuum level. This system has been incorporated into the gas stripper and the GARIS-3 apparatus at the RIKEN RIBF and continues to operate stably. In this talk, the concept, design method, utility, and performance of the nitrogen gas curtain will be explained in detail*.
* RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 52 (2019) p.14 		 
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slides icon Slides TH1AA01 [18.645 MB]  
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TH1AA03 Accelerator development for Global Security 657
 
  • S. Biedron
    Element Aero, Chicago, USA
  
  Many facilities and projects in global security have to do with global security concerns. From direct interrogation to radiation testing, there are myriad of security applications of particle accelerators. . This paper will review accelerator design and technology development including novel sources being developed.  
slides icon Slides TH1AA03 [24.972 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TH1AA03  
About • Received ※ 31 August 2022 — Revised ※ 06 September 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 23 September 2022
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TH1AA04 Spatiotemporal Structure in Intense THz Pulsed Beams 663
 
  • G.A. Hine
    ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  
  Optically generated terahertz radiation, with gigavolt per meter (GV/m) electric fields accessible in tabletop experiments, provides a promising source of accelerating gradients for future particle accelerator applications. Manipulation and characterization of radiation is essential for efficiently producing high fields and effectively delivering them to an accelerating structure or interaction region. The talk will cover a method of generating and characterizing high quality and structured terahertz pulsed laser beams for compact particle acceleration.  
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TH1AA04  
About • Received ※ 23 August 2022 — Revised ※ 07 September 2022 — Accepted ※ 26 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 12 October 2022
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TH1AA05 R&D of Liquid Lithium Stripper at FRIB 668
 
  • T. Kanemura, N.K. Bultman, R. Madendorp, F. Marti, T. Maruta, Y. Momozaki, J.A. Nolen, P.N. Ostroumov, A.S. Plastun, J. Wei, Q. Zhao
    FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
  • D.B. Chojnowski, Y. Momozaki, J.A. Nolen, C.B. Reed, J.R. Specht
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
  • M.J. LaVere
    MSU, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
  
  Funding: The U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics. The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) is a DOE Office of Science User Facility under Award Number DE-SC0000661
Charge stripping is one of the most important processes in the acceleration of intense heavy ion beams, and the charge stripper greatly affects the performance of the accelerator facility. In this talk, the design method and the achieved performance of the liquid lithium stripper recently developed for FRIB will be reported. 		 
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TH1AA05  
About • Received ※ 10 August 2022 — Revised ※ 20 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 31 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 16 September 2022
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TH2AA03
 Crab and Deflecting Cavity Development for Linear Accelerators  
 
  • P.A. McIntosh
    STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  
  A review of crab and deflecting cavities under development for linear accelerators covering both crab cavities and bunch-length diagnostics.  
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