LINAC2022 - List of Authors (Di Giacomo, M.)

Paper	Title	Page
MOPOPA15	Three Years of Operation of the SPIRAL2 SC LINAC- RF Feedback	98
	M. Di Giacomo, M. Aburas, P.-E. Bernaudin, O. Delahaye, A. Dubosq, A. Ghribi, J.-M. Lagniel, J.F. Leyge, G. Normand, A.K. Orduz, F. Pillon, L. Valentin GANIL, Caen, France F. Bouly LPSC, Grenoble Cedex, France S. Sube CEA-DRF-IRFU, France
	The superconducting LINAC of SPIRAL2 at the GANIL facility has been in operation since October 2019. The accelerator uses 12 low beta and 14 high beta supercon-ducting quarter wave cavities, cooled at 4°K, working at 88 MHz. The cavities are operated at a nominal gradient of 6.5 MV/m and are independently powered by a LLRF and a solid-state amplifier, protected by a circulator. Pro-ton and deuteron beam currents can reach 5 mA and beam loading perturbation is particularly strong on the first cavities, as they are operated at field levels much lower than the nominal one. This paper presents a feedback after three years of oper-ation, focuses on the RF issues, describing problems and required improvement on the low level, control and pow-er systems
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-MOPOPA15
About •	Received ※ 14 August 2022 — Revised ※ 17 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 01 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 02 September 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TU2AA02	SPIRAL2 Final Commissioning Results	314
	A.K. Orduz, P.-E. Bernaudin, M. Di Giacomo, R. Ferdinand, B. Jacquot, O. Kamalou, J.-M. Lagniel, G. Normand, A. Savalle GANIL, Caen, France D.U. Uriot CEA-DRF-IRFU, France
	The commissioning of SPIRAL2 was carried out in different steps and slots from 2014 to end 2021. In a first phase, the proton-deuteron and heavy ion sources, LEBT lines and RFQ were commissioned and validated with A/Q=1 up to 3 particles. The validation of the MEBT (between the RFQ and the linac, including the Single Bunch Selector), linac and HEBT lines (up to the beam dump and to the NFS experimental room) started on July 2019, when GANIL received the authorization to operate SPIRAL2. The linac tuning is now validated with H⁺, 4He2+ and D⁺ and nominal H⁺ and D⁺ beams were sent to NFS for physics experiments. The main results obtained during the commissioning stages and the strategy used by the commissioning team are presented.

	please see instructions how to view/control embeded videos
	Slides TU2AA02 [3.724 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TU2AA02
About •	Received ※ 24 August 2022 — Revised ※ 29 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 01 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 02 September 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPOGE02	Three Years of Operation of the SPIRAL2 LINAC: Cryogenics and Superconducting RF Feedback	479
	P.-E. Bernaudin, M. Aburas, M. Di Giacomo, A. Ghribi, P. Robillard, L. Valentin GANIL, Caen, France
	The superconducting LINAC of SPIRAL2 at the GANIL facility is in operation since October 2019. Its 26 super-conducting quarter wave resonating cavities (88 MHz) are operated at a nominal gradient of 6.5 MV/m, but most of the cavities can be operated up to 8 MV/m. They are integrated into 19 cryomodules and cooled down at 4 K by a dedicated refrigeration cryogenic system. In this paper, we will present a feedback after five years of operation of the cryogenic system, focusing on the main problems that have been faced, and on the diverse evolutions performed in order to improve the cryogenic system and to increase its reliability. We will also provide a feedback of the superconducting cavities performances status after three years of operation
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOGE02
About •	Received ※ 27 July 2022 — Revised ※ 22 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 26 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 15 September 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPOGE03	Advanced Cryogenic Process Control and Monitoring for the SPIRAL2 Superconducting LINAC	483
	A. Ghribi, M. Aburas, P.-E. Bernaudin, M. Di Giacomo, A.H. Trudel, Q. Tura GANIL, Caen, France P. Bonnay, F. Bonne CEA/INAC, Grenoble Cedex 9, France F. Millet CEA, Grenoble, France
	SPIRAL2 is a superconducting accelerator for protons, deuterons and heavy ions delivering a maximum beam power of 200 kW at 40 MeV (for deuteron beams). 26 superconducting quarter wave cavities are operated at 4.4 K, plunged in a liquid helium bath with a drastic phase separator pressure control. Previous years have seen the development of advanced process control for cryogenics allowing to cope with high heat load dynamics thanks to an automatic heat dissipation compensation and a model based control. The latter is based on models, using the Simcryogenics library, optimized and linearised in the Programmable Logic Controllers. The SPIRAL2 operation has demonstrated that such control allows to keep the specified conditions for RF and beam operation even at levels of heat load dissipation approaching the physical limits of the cryogenic system. These developments allowed to synthesise a virtual observer of the dynamic heat load dissipated by the cavities. The present paper summarises the development of such observer based on the physical thermodynamic model and on machine learning techniques.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOGE03
About •	Received ※ 24 August 2022 — Revised ※ 02 September 2022 — Accepted ※ 04 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 09 September 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPOPA13	Superconducting Cavity and RF Control Loop Model for the SPIRAL2 Linac	767
	F. Bouly LPSC, Grenoble Cedex, France M. Di Giacomo, J.F. Leyge, M. Tontayeva GANIL, Caen, France
	The SPIRAL2 superconducting linac has been successfully commissioned with protons in 2020. During the commissioning, a model of the cavity and its LLRF control loop has been developed. The model enables to have better understanding of the system and was used to guide the tuning of the PI(D) correctors for beam loading compensation. Here we review the development of such a tool, computed with MATLAB Simulink and using the frequency domain (Laplace transfer function) to model the cavity RF and mechanical behaviours (Lorentz detuning), as well as all elements that compose the RF control loop (digital LLRF, amplifier, transmission lines, etc.). The benchmarking of the model with measurement carried out with the proton beam is also discussed in this contribution.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-THPOPA13
About •	Received ※ 24 August 2022 — Revised ※ 01 September 2022 — Accepted ※ 03 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 15 September 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

Paper

Title

Page

Three Years of Operation of the SPIRAL2 SC LINAC- RF Feedback

98

M. Di Giacomo, M. Aburas, P.-E. Bernaudin, O. Delahaye, A. Dubosq, A. Ghribi, J.-M. Lagniel, J.F. Leyge, G. Normand, A.K. Orduz, F. Pillon, L. Valentin
GANIL, Caen, France
F. Bouly
LPSC, Grenoble Cedex, France
S. Sube
CEA-DRF-IRFU, France

The superconducting LINAC of SPIRAL2 at the GANIL facility has been in operation since October 2019. The accelerator uses 12 low beta and 14 high beta supercon-ducting quarter wave cavities, cooled at 4°K, working at 88 MHz. The cavities are operated at a nominal gradient of 6.5 MV/m and are independently powered by a LLRF and a solid-state amplifier, protected by a circulator. Pro-ton and deuteron beam currents can reach 5 mA and beam loading perturbation is particularly strong on the first cavities, as they are operated at field levels much lower than the nominal one. This paper presents a feedback after three years of oper-ation, focuses on the RF issues, describing problems and required improvement on the low level, control and pow-er systems

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-MOPOPA15

About •

Received ※ 14 August 2022 — Revised ※ 17 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 01 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 02 September 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TU2AA02

SPIRAL2 Final Commissioning Results

314

A.K. Orduz, P.-E. Bernaudin, M. Di Giacomo, R. Ferdinand, B. Jacquot, O. Kamalou, J.-M. Lagniel, G. Normand, A. Savalle
GANIL, Caen, France
D.U. Uriot
CEA-DRF-IRFU, France

The commissioning of SPIRAL2 was carried out in different steps and slots from 2014 to end 2021. In a first phase, the proton-deuteron and heavy ion sources, LEBT lines and RFQ were commissioned and validated with A/Q=1 up to 3 particles. The validation of the MEBT (between the RFQ and the linac, including the Single Bunch Selector), linac and HEBT lines (up to the beam dump and to the NFS experimental room) started on July 2019, when GANIL received the authorization to operate SPIRAL2. The linac tuning is now validated with H⁺, 4He2+ and D⁺ and nominal H⁺ and D⁺ beams were sent to NFS for physics experiments. The main results obtained during the commissioning stages and the strategy used by the commissioning team are presented.

please see instructions how to view/control embeded videos

Slides TU2AA02 [3.724 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TU2AA02

About •

Received ※ 24 August 2022 — Revised ※ 29 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 01 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 02 September 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPOGE02

Three Years of Operation of the SPIRAL2 LINAC: Cryogenics and Superconducting RF Feedback

479

P.-E. Bernaudin, M. Aburas, M. Di Giacomo, A. Ghribi, P. Robillard, L. Valentin
GANIL, Caen, France

The superconducting LINAC of SPIRAL2 at the GANIL facility is in operation since October 2019. Its 26 super-conducting quarter wave resonating cavities (88 MHz) are operated at a nominal gradient of 6.5 MV/m, but most of the cavities can be operated up to 8 MV/m. They are integrated into 19 cryomodules and cooled down at 4 K by a dedicated refrigeration cryogenic system. In this paper, we will present a feedback after five years of operation of the cryogenic system, focusing on the main problems that have been faced, and on the diverse evolutions performed in order to improve the cryogenic system and to increase its reliability. We will also provide a feedback of the superconducting cavities performances status after three years of operation

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOGE02

About •

Received ※ 27 July 2022 — Revised ※ 22 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 26 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 15 September 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPOGE03

Advanced Cryogenic Process Control and Monitoring for the SPIRAL2 Superconducting LINAC

483

A. Ghribi, M. Aburas, P.-E. Bernaudin, M. Di Giacomo, A.H. Trudel, Q. Tura
GANIL, Caen, France
P. Bonnay, F. Bonne
CEA/INAC, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
F. Millet
CEA, Grenoble, France

SPIRAL2 is a superconducting accelerator for protons, deuterons and heavy ions delivering a maximum beam power of 200 kW at 40 MeV (for deuteron beams). 26 superconducting quarter wave cavities are operated at 4.4 K, plunged in a liquid helium bath with a drastic phase separator pressure control. Previous years have seen the development of advanced process control for cryogenics allowing to cope with high heat load dynamics thanks to an automatic heat dissipation compensation and a model based control. The latter is based on models, using the Simcryogenics library, optimized and linearised in the Programmable Logic Controllers. The SPIRAL2 operation has demonstrated that such control allows to keep the specified conditions for RF and beam operation even at levels of heat load dissipation approaching the physical limits of the cryogenic system. These developments allowed to synthesise a virtual observer of the dynamic heat load dissipated by the cavities. The present paper summarises the development of such observer based on the physical thermodynamic model and on machine learning techniques.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOGE03

About •

Received ※ 24 August 2022 — Revised ※ 02 September 2022 — Accepted ※ 04 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 09 September 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPOPA13

Superconducting Cavity and RF Control Loop Model for the SPIRAL2 Linac

767

F. Bouly
LPSC, Grenoble Cedex, France
M. Di Giacomo, J.F. Leyge, M. Tontayeva
GANIL, Caen, France

The SPIRAL2 superconducting linac has been successfully commissioned with protons in 2020. During the commissioning, a model of the cavity and its LLRF control loop has been developed. The model enables to have better understanding of the system and was used to guide the tuning of the PI(D) correctors for beam loading compensation. Here we review the development of such a tool, computed with MATLAB Simulink and using the frequency domain (Laplace transfer function) to model the cavity RF and mechanical behaviours (Lorentz detuning), as well as all elements that compose the RF control loop (digital LLRF, amplifier, transmission lines, etc.). The benchmarking of the model with measurement carried out with the proton beam is also discussed in this contribution.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-THPOPA13

About •

Received ※ 24 August 2022 — Revised ※ 01 September 2022 — Accepted ※ 03 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 15 September 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)